Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-3635

CSRF in Moodle ≤ 4.1.18

CSRF
Published
25 April 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 3.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0017 6th percentile
Risk Priority 30 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-3635 is a low-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability in Moodle Moodle. Its CVSS base score is 3.5 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SC-23 (Session Authenticity) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A01:2025 Broken Access Control

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A security vulnerability was discovered in Moodle that allows anyone to duplicate existing tours without needing to log in due to a lack of protection against cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks.

CWE(s)
CWE-352

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-28335Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2025-3638Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-34001Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-34008Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-34007Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-38276Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-25982Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-8489Shared CWE-352
CVE-2024-51638Shared CWE-352
CVE-2025-23804Shared CWE-352

Affected Assets

moodle
moodle
≤ 4.1.18 · 4.3.0 — 4.3.12 · 4.4.0 — 4.4.8

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V3.3.2
  • V3.5.1
  • V10.2.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 Access Enforcement partial match

Access enforcement requires verifying that state-changing requests originate from the authenticated user rather than a forged cross-site source.

SC-23 Session Authenticity partial match

Protecting session authenticity prevents attackers from replaying or forging authenticated requests via the victim's browser.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require anti-CSRF controls such as tokens or SameSite attributes.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.23 Web filtering partial match
mitigates

By denying access to phishing or malicious sites, the control lowers the likelihood that a user will be tricked into submitting a forged request that performs an unintended action on another site.

A.5.7 Threat intelligence none match
none

Contextual intelligence about emerging CSRF toolkits can be translated into updated anti-CSRF token or same-site policy configurations across applications.

References