Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-4018

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 28 April 2025

Published
28 April 2025
Modified
10 October 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 6.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0021 43.0th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-4018 is a medium-severity Improper Authentication (CWE-287) vulnerability in Xxyopen Novel-Plus. Its CVSS base score is 6.9 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked at the 43.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in 20120630 Novel-Plus up to 0e156c04b4b7ce0563bef6c97af4476fcda8f160. This issue affects the function addCrawlSource of the file novel-crawl/src/main/java/com/java2nb/novel/controller/CrawlController.java. The manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit…

more

has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

xxyopen
novel-plus
≤ 5.1.1

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Session content review can reveal authentication bypasses or failures in session establishment.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Assessments check authentication mechanisms for correct implementation and effectiveness, reducing successful authentication bypass attempts.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Documented IA policy and procedures require proper authentication mechanisms to be defined and followed, reducing improper authentication.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Requires adaptive authentication under specific conditions, directly strengthening authentication mechanisms against improper or insufficient authentication.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Identity providers centralize and enforce authentication mechanisms, reducing improper authentication.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Requires unique identification and authentication of organizational users, directly preventing improper authentication.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Enforces unique device identification and authentication before any connection is established, directly mitigating improper authentication weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-287 CWE-306

Directly requires implementation of compliant authentication mechanisms to cryptographic modules, preventing improper authentication.

References