Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-40547

Solarwinds Serv-U ≤ 15.5.3

Published
18 November 2025
Modified
02 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0087 55th percentile
Risk Priority 60 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-40547 is a critical-severity Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output (CWE-116) vulnerability in Solarwinds Serv-U. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Content Injection (T1659); ranked in the top 45% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-40547 is a logic error vulnerability in SolarWinds Serv-U that enables a malicious actor with administrative privileges to execute arbitrary code. The issue, published on 2025-11-18, carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-116 (Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output).

Exploitation requires high-privilege administrative access to the affected Serv-U instance. A successful attack allows the adversary to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with a changed scope due to the privileged code execution. On Windows deployments, the overall risk is rated as medium, as Serv-U services typically run under less-privileged accounts by default, potentially limiting the blast radius even if admin credentials are compromised.

SolarWinds has published a security advisory detailing the issue at https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2025-40547, along with release notes for Serv-U version 15.5.3 at https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/servu/content/release_notes/servu_15-5-3_release_notes.htm, which address mitigation through patching.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A logic error vulnerability exists in Serv-U which when abused could give a malicious actor with access to admin privileges the ability to execute code. This issue requires administrative privileges to abuse. On Windows deployments, the risk is scored as…

more

a medium because services frequently run under less-privileged service accounts by default.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-45712Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2024-45714Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2021-35247Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2026-28315Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2023-40053Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2024-28073Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2024-45711Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2025-40541Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2026-28314Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U
CVE-2025-40539Same product: Solarwinds Serv-U

Affected Assets

solarwinds
serv-u
≤ 15.5.3

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.2.1
  • V1.2.3

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-116

Validating that output matches expected content directly mitigates failures to properly encode or escape data for its destination context.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper output encoding to prevent injection and message malformation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly require correct output encoding and escaping to preserve message structure.

finds

Security testing can detect missing or incorrect encoding but does not itself implement the control.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates output encoding/escaping practices that directly prevent improper encoding.

prevents

Application security requirements include explicit rules for safe output handling and encoding.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of missing encoding but do not prescribe the actual technique.

References