Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-40554

Critical

Published: 28 January 2026

Published
28 January 2026
Modified
03 February 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0629 91.0th percentile
Risk Priority 23 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-40554 is a critical-severity Weak Authentication (CWE-1390) vulnerability in Solarwinds Web Help Desk. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 9.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Explicitly identifies and limits actions performable without identification or authentication, directly preventing exploitation of this authentication bypass vulnerability allowing unauthorized invocation of specific actions.

prevent

Requires identification and authentication of organizational users before allowing access, comprehensively mitigating authentication bypass vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-40554.

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations for access to system resources, countering the unauthorized actions enabled by this authentication bypass.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

CVE-2025-40554 is an authentication bypass in a public-facing SolarWinds Web Help Desk application, directly enabling exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

SolarWinds Web Help Desk was found to be susceptible to an authentication bypass vulnerability that, if exploited, could allow an attacker to invoke specific actions within Web Help Desk.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-40554 is an authentication bypass vulnerability in SolarWinds Web Help Desk. The issue, published on 2026-01-28, allows an attacker to invoke specific actions within the Web Help Desk application without proper authentication. It is associated with CWE-1390 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its potential for high impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

A remote attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability with low complexity, no required privileges, and no user interaction. Exploitation enables the attacker to perform unauthorized actions within Web Help Desk, potentially leading to unauthorized access, data manipulation, or disruption of services as permitted by the bypassed authentication controls.

SolarWinds addresses the vulnerability in its security advisory at https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2025-40554 and the Web Help Desk 2026.1 release notes at https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/whd/content/release_notes/whd_2026-1_release_notes.htm, which detail patches and mitigation guidance.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

solarwinds
web help desk
≤ 2026.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-40552Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2025-40536Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2025-40553Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2025-26399Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2025-40551Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2024-28988Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2025-40537Same product: Solarwinds Web Help Desk
CVE-2025-40540Same product class: network monitoring / SIEM
CVE-2024-52606Same product class: network monitoring / SIEM
CVE-2025-40539Same product class: network monitoring / SIEM

References