Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-41258

HighPublic PoC

Published: 18 March 2026

Published
18 March 2026
Modified
24 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0009 25.1th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-41258 is a high-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Librechat Librechat. Its CVSS base score is 8.0 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 25.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires proper management of JWT secrets as authenticators, preventing their reuse across user sessions and RAG API authentication mechanisms.

prevent

Mandates unique identification and authentication for services like the RAG API, avoiding compromise via shared user session JWT secrets.

prevent

Enforces approved access authorizations for the RAG API, mitigating unauthorized access resulting from authentication bypass due to shared JWT secrets.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is an authentication bypass in a service/API (RAG) due to shared secrets, directly enabling exploitation of the application for unauthorized access.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

LibreChat version 0.8.1-rc2 uses the same JWT secret for the user session mechanism and RAG API which compromises the service-level authentication of the RAG API.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-41258 is an improper access control vulnerability (CWE-284) in LibreChat version 0.8.1-rc2, published on 2026-03-18. The issue stems from the application using the same JWT secret for both the user session mechanism and the RAG API, which compromises service-level authentication for the RAG API. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.0 (AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to significant impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An attacker with low privileges on an adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Exploitation bypasses authentication for the RAG API, enabling unauthorized access that results in high-impact compromise across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Mitigation guidance is available in the SBA Research advisory (SBA-ADV-20251205-01_LibreChat_RAG_API_Authentication_Bypass) and the official LibreChat GitHub repository.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

librechat
librechat
0.8.1

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2026-33265Same product: Librechat Librechat
CVE-2024-10361Same product: Librechat Librechat
CVE-2026-31945Same product: Librechat Librechat
CVE-2026-31944Same product: Librechat Librechat
CVE-2025-66956Shared CWE-284
CVE-2026-30707Shared CWE-284

References