Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-43253

Critical

Published: 30 July 2025

Published
30 July 2025
Modified
03 November 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0018 39.2th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-43253 is a critical-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Apple Macos. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 39.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly implements input validation mechanisms to address the improper input validation flaw enabling malicious apps to launch arbitrary binaries.

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and remediation of flaws like CVE-2025-43253 via patching to fixed macOS versions.

preventdetect

Deploys malicious code protection at entry points to detect and eradicate arbitrary binaries launched by exploited malicious apps.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

Improper input validation enables remote unauthenticated arbitrary binary execution on macOS client, directly mapping to client exploitation for code execution and Unix shell invocation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

This issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7. A malicious app may be able to launch arbitrary binaries on a trusted device.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-43253 is an improper input validation vulnerability (CWE-20) affecting Apple's macOS operating system. It was addressed through enhanced input validation checks and is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6 and macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, meaning prior versions are vulnerable. The flaw enables a malicious app to launch arbitrary binaries on a trusted device, earning a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its potential for high-impact exploitation.

The vulnerability can be exploited by any remote attacker with network access who delivers a malicious app to the target device, requiring no privileges, user interaction, or special conditions. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to execute arbitrary binaries, potentially leading to full system compromise through unauthorized code execution, data theft, modification of system files, or denial of service.

Apple's security advisories detail the patch as improved input validation to prevent the arbitrary binary launch. Security practitioners should prioritize updating affected macOS installations to Sequoia 15.6 or Sonoma 14.7.7, with further details available in the referenced support pages (https://support.apple.com/en-us/124149, https://support.apple.com/en-us/124150) and Full Disclosure archives (http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jul/32, http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jul/33).

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

apple
macos
≤ 14.7.7 · 15.0 — 15.6

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References