Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2025-44963 is a critical-severity Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key (CWE-321) vulnerability in Commscope Ruckus Network Director. Its CVSS base score is 9.0 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Private Keys (T1552.004); ranked at the 47th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-12 (Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-44963 is a critical vulnerability in RUCKUS Network Director (RND) versions prior to 4.5 that enables attackers to spoof administrator JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) by exploiting a hardcoded secret key value. Assigned CWE-321 (Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key), it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.0 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), reflecting high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts with changed scope.
An unauthenticated attacker accessible over the network can exploit this flaw if they know the hardcoded secret key, which has a high attack complexity but requires no user interaction or privileges. Successful exploitation allows forging valid administrator JWTs, potentially granting full administrative control over the RND instance and enabling arbitrary actions such as data exfiltration, configuration changes, or service disruption.
Mitigation involves upgrading to RUCKUS Network Director 4.5 or later, as indicated by the vulnerability's affected version scope. Detailed advisories are available from Claroty's Team82 disclosure dashboard (https://claroty.com/team82/disclosure-dashboard/cve-2025-44963), CERT/CC vulnerability notes (https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/613753), and CommScope's security advisory FAQ (https://webresources.commscope.com/download/assets/FAQ+Security+Advisory%3A+ID+20250710/225f44ac3bd311f095821adcaa92e24e).
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-23514
Vulnerability Data
RUCKUS Network Director (RND) before 4.5 allows spoofing of an administrator JWT by an attacker who knows the hardcoded value of a certain secret key.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Requiring cryptographic keys to be established and managed according to defined requirements prevents developers from embedding static unchangeable keys.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure-SDLC activities such as code review and secret scanning directly prevent embedding static keys.
Data-at-rest protection policies require proper key management and therefore discourage hard-coded keys.
Data-in-transit protection similarly depends on non-hard-coded keys for encryption.
Configuration baselines and reviews can prohibit hard-coded keys in deployed artifacts.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Key-management controls that govern generation, rotation and protection of keys make the use of embedded hard-coded cryptographic keys less likely and easier to detect.