CVE-2025-47928
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:NSummary
CVE-2025-47928 is a critical-severity Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session (CWE-488) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Web Session Cookie (T1550.004); ranked at the 44th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-28133
Vulnerability Data
Spotipy is a Python library for the Spotify Web API. As of commit 4f5759dbfb4506c7b6280572a4db1aabc1ac778d, using `pull_request_target` on `.github/workflows/integration_tests.yml` followed by the checking out the head.sha of a forked PR can be exploited by attackers, since untrusted code can be executed…
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having full access to secrets (from the base repo). By exploiting the vulnerability is possible to exfiltrate `GITHUB_TOKEN` and secrets `SPOTIPY_CLIENT_ID`, `SPOTIPY_CLIENT_SECRET`. In particular `GITHUB_TOKEN` which can be used to completely overtake the repo since the token has content write privileges. The `pull_request_target` in GitHub Actions is a major security concern—especially in public repositories—because it executes untrusted code from a PR, but with the context of the base repository, including access to its secrets. Commit 9dfb7177b8d7bb98a5a6014f8e6436812a47576f reverted the change that caused the issue.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
AC-3 enforces access decisions that can be scoped to the correct session context.
AC-4 controls information flows between entities, reducing cross-session leakage.
SC-4 directly stops unintended transfer of data through shared resources that different sessions may access.
SC-39 isolates execution domains so one session cannot reach another's state or data.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Enforcing authorization policies and least privilege can prevent cross-session data exposure when session separation is treated as an access rule.
Protecting data-in-use directly addresses runtime leakage of session data to unauthorized contexts.
Logical access controls and segmentation can be applied to isolate session state within applications or environments.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing can detect the weakness but does not itself implement the preventive control.
Secure development lifecycle practices include session-management controls that prevent exposure of data to the wrong session.
Application security requirements explicitly call for proper session isolation and state management.
Secure system architecture principles require isolation of session state to avoid cross-session data leakage.
Secure coding standards mandate correct session handling to prevent exposure of data elements to the wrong session.
Information access restriction directly enforces session boundaries so data is not exposed to the wrong session.