Cyber Resilience

NIST 800-53 r5 · Controls catalogue · Family SC

SC-39Process Isolation

Maintain a separate execution domain for each executing system process.

Last updated: 22 August 2026 07:11 UTC

Implementations targeting this control (0)

ATT&CK techniques this control mitigates (22)

Weaknesses this control addresses (6)AI-assisted

CWEs ranked by how often they appear in real CVEs. The rationale describes how this control reduces exploitability of each weakness class.

CWE Name CVEs Why this control addresses it
CWE-284Improper Access Control6,900+Maintaining distinct execution domains directly implements access-control separation between processes, blocking unauthorized cross-process access.
CWE-269Improper Privilege Management3,400+Separate execution domains enforce privilege boundaries so that improper privilege management within one process cannot affect others.
CWE-732Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource1,900+By giving each process its own protected domain, the control reduces the impact of incorrect permission assignments on critical resources shared across processes.
CWE-668Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere800+Process isolation ensures resources remain inside their intended spheres, preventing exposure of a resource to an unintended process.
CWE-250Execution with Unnecessary Privileges300+Process isolation confines each process to its own execution domain, preventing one process from exercising the privileges or resources belonging to another.
CWE-653Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization73The control is a direct realization of proper isolation and compartmentalization, eliminating the weakness of shared execution domains.

Top CVEs where this control is the strongest mitigation

CVE Risk CVSS EPSS Match
CVE-2024-27983 8.88.20.8721partial
CVE-2026-56188 7.59.80.0092partial
CVE-2024-26585 7.49.80.0059partial
CVE-2025-30444 7.49.80.0072partial
CVE-2025-43275 7.49.80.0059partial
CVE-2024-26583 7.39.80.0055partial
CVE-2023-52480 7.39.80.0049partial
CVE-2024-4778 7.39.80.0044good
CVE-2024-48069 7.39.80.0040partial
CVE-2022-49149 7.39.80.0047partial
CVE-2025-43244 7.39.80.0056partial
CVE-2025-38561 7.39.80.0042partial
CVE-2022-50373 7.39.80.0039partial
CVE-2026-23240 7.39.80.0049partial
CVE-2026-400427.39.80.0037partial
CVE-2026-46135 7.39.80.0040partial
CVE-2026-46137 7.39.80.0043partial
CVE-2024-39293 7.29.80.0031partial
CVE-2025-39673 7.29.80.0030partial
CVE-2022-50350 7.29.80.0027partial
CVE-2026-43198 7.29.80.0030partial
CVE-2026-53086 7.29.80.0030partial
CVE-2026-289827.29.80.0032partial
CVE-2026-438057.29.80.0027partial
CVE-2026-647207.29.80.0033partial

Other controls in family SC

SC-1 SC-10 SC-11 SC-12 SC-13 SC-14 SC-15 SC-16 SC-17 SC-18 SC-19 SC-2 SC-20 SC-21 SC-22 SC-23 SC-24 SC-25 SC-26 SC-27 SC-28 SC-29 SC-3 SC-30 SC-31 SC-32 SC-33 SC-34 SC-35 SC-36 SC-37 SC-38 SC-4 SC-40 SC-41 SC-42 SC-43 SC-44 SC-45 SC-46 SC-47 SC-48 SC-49 SC-5 SC-50 SC-51 SC-6 SC-7 SC-8 SC-9