NIST 800-53 r5 · Controls catalogue · Family SC
SC-28Protection of Information at Rest
Protect the {{ insert: param, sc-28_odp.01 }} of the following information at rest: {{ insert: param, sc-28_odp.02 }}.
Last updated: 21 August 2026 14:15 UTC
Implementations targeting this control (31)
- aws-config-ec2-ebs-encryption-by-default EBS encryption by default is enabled AWS::EC2::Volume partial protect enforce CIS v5 §5.1.1CIS v3 §2.2.1Hub EC2.7
- aws-config-encrypted-volumes EBS volumes are encrypted at rest AWS::EC2::Volume partial protect enforce
- aws-config-rds-storage-encrypted RDS storage is encrypted AWS::RDS::DBInstance partial protect enforce CIS v5 §2.2.1CIS v3 §2.3.1Hub RDS.3
- aws-config-s3-bucket-server-side-encryption-enabled S3 bucket has default server-side encryption AWS::S3::Bucket partial protect enforce
- aws-config-dynamodb-table-encryption-enabled DynamoDB table uses encryption at rest with KMS AWS::DynamoDB::Table partial protect enforce
- aws-config-efs-encrypted-check EFS file system is encrypted AWS::EFS::FileSystem partial protect enforce CIS v5 §2.3.1CIS v3 §2.4.1Hub EFS.8
- aws-config-sns-encrypted-kms SNS topic uses KMS encryption at rest AWS::SNS::Topic partial protect enforce
- aws-config-sqs-queue-server-side-encryption-enabled SQS queue has server-side encryption enabled AWS::SQS::Queue partial protect enforce
- aws-config-eks-cluster-secrets-encrypted EKS cluster encrypts Kubernetes secrets at rest with KMS AWS::EKS::Cluster partial protect enforce
- azure-mcsb-dp-04-storage-encryption Storage account encrypts data at rest Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts partial protect enforce
- azure-mcsb-managed-disk-encryption Managed disks are encrypted with customer-managed keys Microsoft.Compute/disks partial protect enforce
- azure-mcsb-sql-tde Azure SQL DB uses Transparent Data Encryption Microsoft.Sql/servers/databases partial protect enforce
- azure-mcsb-cosmosdb-encryption Cosmos DB uses customer-managed keys Microsoft.DocumentDB/databaseAccounts partial protect enforce
- gcp-cis-compute-disk-cmek Persistent disks encrypted with CMEK compute.googleapis.com/Disk partial protect enforce
- gcp-cis-storage-bucket-cmek Cloud Storage buckets encrypted with CMEK storage.googleapis.com/Bucket partial protect enforce
- gcp-cis-bigquery-cmek BigQuery datasets encrypted with CMEK bigquery.googleapis.com/Dataset partial protect enforce
- gcp-cis-cloudsql-encryption Cloud SQL instances use CMEK encryption sqladmin.googleapis.com/Instance partial protect enforce
- aws-config-api-gw-cache-enabled-and-encrypted Api Gw Cache Enabled And Encrypted AWS::ApiGateway::Stage partial protect enforce
- aws-config-cloud-trail-encryption-enabled Cloud Trail Encryption Enabled AWS::CloudTrail::Trail partial detect enforce CIS §3.5Hub CloudTrail.2
- aws-config-codebuild-project-artifact-encryption Codebuild Project Artifact Encryption AWS::CodeBuild::Project partial protect enforce
- aws-config-dynamodb-table-encrypted-kms Dynamodb Table Encrypted Kms AWS::DynamoDB::Table partial protect enforce
- aws-config-elasticsearch-encrypted-at-rest Elasticsearch Encrypted At Rest AWS::OpenSearchService::Domain partial protect enforce
- aws-config-kinesis-stream-encrypted Kinesis Stream Encrypted AWS::Kinesis::Stream partial protect enforce
- aws-config-opensearch-encrypted-at-rest Opensearch Encrypted At Rest AWS::OpenSearchService::Domain partial protect enforce
- aws-config-rds-snapshot-encrypted Rds Snapshot Encrypted AWS::RDS::DBInstance partial recover enforce
- aws-config-redshift-cluster-configuration-check Redshift Cluster Configuration Check AWS::Redshift::Cluster partial protect enforce
- aws-config-redshift-cluster-kms-enabled Redshift Cluster Kms Enabled AWS::Redshift::Cluster partial protect enforce
- aws-config-s3-default-encryption-kms S3 Default Encryption Kms AWS::S3::Bucket partial protect enforce
- aws-config-sagemaker-endpoint-configuration-kms-key-configured Sagemaker Endpoint Configuration Kms Key Configured AWS::SageMaker::NotebookInstance partial protect enforce
- aws-config-sagemaker-notebook-instance-kms-key-configured Sagemaker Notebook Instance Kms Key Configured AWS::SageMaker::NotebookInstance partial protect enforce
- aws-config-secretsmanager-using-cmk Secretsmanager Using Cmk AWS::SecretsManager::Secret partial protect enforce
ATT&CK techniques this control mitigates (42)
- T1003 OS Credential Dumping Credential Access
- T1003.001 LSASS Memory Credential Access
- T1003.002 Security Account Manager Credential Access
- T1003.003 NTDS Credential Access
- T1003.004 LSA Secrets Credential Access
- T1003.005 Cached Domain Credentials Credential Access
- T1003.006 DCSync Credential Access
- T1003.007 Proc Filesystem Credential Access
- T1003.008 /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow Credential Access
- T1005 Data from Local System Collection
- T1025 Data from Removable Media Collection
- T1041 Exfiltration Over C2 Channel Exfiltration
- T1048 Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol Exfiltration
- T1048.002 Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol Exfiltration
- T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol Exfiltration
- T1052 Exfiltration Over Physical Medium Exfiltration
- T1052.001 Exfiltration over USB Exfiltration
- T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, Initial Access
- T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, Initial Access
- T1078.003 Local Accounts Stealth, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, Initial Access
- T1078.004 Cloud Accounts Stealth, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, Initial Access
- T1213 Data from Information Repositories Collection
- T1213.001 Confluence Collection
- T1213.002 Sharepoint Collection
- T1213.004 Customer Relationship Management Software Collection
- T1213.005 Messaging Applications Collection
- T1530 Data from Cloud Storage Collection
- T1550.001 Application Access Token Lateral Movement
- T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
- T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
- T1552.002 Credentials in Registry Credential Access
- T1552.003 Shell History Credential Access
- T1552.004 Private Keys Credential Access
- T1565 Data Manipulation Impact
- T1565.001 Stored Data Manipulation Impact
- T1565.003 Runtime Data Manipulation Impact
- T1567 Exfiltration Over Web Service Exfiltration
- T1599 Network Boundary Bridging Defense Impairment
- T1599.001 Network Address Translation Traversal Defense Impairment
- T1602 Data from Configuration Repository Collection
- T1602.001 SNMP (MIB Dump) Collection
- T1602.002 Network Device Configuration Dump Collection
Weaknesses this control addresses (6)AI-assisted
CWEs ranked by how often they appear in real CVEs. The rationale describes how this control reduces exploitability of each weakness class.
| CWE | Name | CVEs | Why this control addresses it |
|---|---|---|---|
CWE-200 | Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor | 11,000+ | Encrypting or otherwise protecting data at rest directly prevents unauthorized actors from reading sensitive information stored on disk or other media. |
CWE-522 | Insufficiently Protected Credentials | 1,600+ | Requiring confidentiality/integrity protection for stored credentials directly mitigates insufficiently protected credentials on disk or in configuration stores. |
CWE-312 | Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information | 900+ | Requiring confidentiality protection for information at rest eliminates cleartext storage of sensitive data on persistent media. |
CWE-922 | Insecure Storage of Sensitive Information | 400+ | The control explicitly requires secure storage mechanisms for sensitive information, closing the insecure-storage weakness class. |
CWE-256 | Plaintext Storage of a Password | 200+ | Protection of passwords and credentials at rest forces encryption or equivalent controls instead of plaintext storage. |
CWE-313 | Cleartext Storage in a File or on Disk | 31 | Mandating protection of files and disk-stored data at rest prevents the specific weakness of cleartext storage on disk or in files. |
Top CVEs where this control is the strongest mitigation
| CVE | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-2024-44000 UPD | 9.9 | 9.8 | 0.8214 | good |
CVE-2024-32238 UPD | 9.4 | 9.8 | 0.5295 | good |
CVE-2024-9014 UPD | 7.8 | 9.9 | 0.0969 | good |
CVE-2025-25570 UPD | 7.7 | 9.8 | 0.0202 | good |
CVE-2025-27648 UPD | 7.5 | 9.8 | 0.0087 | good |
CVE-2025-27650 UPD | 7.5 | 9.8 | 0.0087 | good |
CVE-2025-27656 UPD | 7.5 | 9.8 | 0.0087 | good |
CVE-2025-54863 UPD | 7.5 | 10.0 | 0.0062 | good |
CVE-2024-36081 UPD | 7.4 | 9.8 | 0.0057 | good |
CVE-2024-33375 UPD | 7.4 | 9.8 | 0.0062 | good |
CVE-2024-51545 UPD | 7.4 | 10.0 | 0.0042 | good |
CVE-2024-57395 UPD | 7.4 | 9.8 | 0.0068 | good |
CVE-2025-27662 UPD | 7.4 | 9.8 | 0.0060 | good |
CVE-2026-9079 | 7.4 | 9.8 | 0.0058 | good |
CVE-2024-23486 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0056 | good |
CVE-2024-5960 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0044 | good |
CVE-2023-48010 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0044 | good |
CVE-2025-0498 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0037 | good |
CVE-2025-6560 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0056 | good |
CVE-2025-54428 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0046 | good |
CVE-2025-55306 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0056 | good |
CVE-2025-52549 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0047 | good |
CVE-2025-6519 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0052 | good |
CVE-2025-34196 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0044 | good |
CVE-2026-23958 UPD | 7.3 | 9.8 | 0.0048 | good |