Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-48057

Icinga ≤ 2.12.12

Published
27 May 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0042 35th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-48057 is a critical-severity Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust (CWE-296) vulnerability in Icinga Icinga. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-5 (Authenticator Management) and SC-17 (Public Key Infrastructure Certificates) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Icinga 2 is a monitoring system which checks the availability of network resources, notifies users of outages, and generates performance data for reporting. Prior to versions 2.12.12, 2.13.12, and 2.14.6, the VerifyCertificate() function can be tricked into incorrectly treating certificates…

more

as valid. This allows an attacker to send a malicious certificate request that is then treated as a renewal of an already existing certificate, resulting in the attacker obtaining a valid certificate that can be used to impersonate trusted nodes. This only occurs when Icinga 2 is built with OpenSSL older than version 1.1.0. This issue has been patched in versions 2.12.12, 2.13.12, and 2.14.6.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-61908Same product: Icinga Icinga
CVE-2024-24820Same product: Icinga Icinga
CVE-2025-61909Same product: Icinga Icinga
CVE-2025-61907Same product: Icinga Icinga
CVE-2024-49369Same product: Icinga Icinga
CVE-2025-30164Same vendor: Icinga
CVE-2023-30607Same vendor: Icinga
CVE-2025-27609Same vendor: Icinga
CVE-2025-53840Same vendor: Icinga
CVE-2025-27404Same vendor: Icinga

Affected Assets

icinga
icinga
≤ 2.12.12 · 2.13.0 — 2.13.12 · 2.14.0 — 2.14.6

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • IA-5 Authenticator Management
  • SC-17 Public Key Infrastructure Certificates
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 12 hardening rules · 5 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly governs issuance, validation, and management of certificate authenticators, blocking the VerifyCertificate() bypass that allows forged renewal certificates.

prevent

Mandates proper PKI certificate policy and validation procedures, directly countering the flawed certificate hierarchy handling in older OpenSSL builds.

prevent

Enforces access decisions only for properly validated certificates, stopping impersonation of trusted nodes once the certificate is accepted.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Proper service/hardware authentication requires correct certificate chain validation to a trusted root.

ID.RA-09 partial match
prevents

Pre-acquisition authenticity checks may surface certificate issues but do not address runtime chain-following logic.

PR.AA-04 partial match
prevents

Verifying identity assertions includes ensuring certificate chains are followed correctly.

PR.DS-02 partial match
prevents

Protecting data-in-transit commonly depends on TLS certificate chain validation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Mandates proper use of cryptography including certificate validation and trusted roots.

detects

Security testing can detect missing or incorrect certificate chain validation.

prevents

Secure coding standards address correct certificate chain validation.

degrades

Requires secure authentication mechanisms that rely on valid certificate chains.

none

Network security controls often enforce TLS certificate validation.

none

Secure network services depend on correct certificate chain validation.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that reduce the attack surface for weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Derived transitively via CVE→CWE→STIG over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248574 YUM must be configured to prevent the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or OL 8 system components that have not been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization. via CWE-296
RHEL 7 (2 rules)
  • V-204447 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components from a repository without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. via CWE-296
  • V-204448 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components of local packages without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. via CWE-296
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-230264 RHEL 8 must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components from a repository without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. via CWE-296

References