Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-49369

High

Published: 18 December 2025

Published
18 December 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 32.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49369 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-49369 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement vulnerability in PHP programs, described as PHP Remote File Inclusion but enabling PHP Local File Inclusion, affecting the AncoraThemes Lettuce WordPress theme. The issue impacts Lettuce versions from n/a through 1.1.7 and is associated with CWE-98. Published on 2025-12-18, it carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Remote unauthenticated attackers can exploit the vulnerability over the network, requiring high attack complexity and no user interaction. Successful exploitation allows high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as unauthorized access to local files through the flawed include/require mechanism.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/lettuce/vulnerability/wordpress-lettuce-theme-1-1-7-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve provides details on this WordPress Lettuce theme vulnerability.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Lettuce lettuce allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Lettuce: from n/a through <= 1.1.7.

CWE(s)
CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is a remote file inclusion flaw in a public-facing WordPress theme, directly enabling exploitation of a public-facing application without authentication.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-60043Shared CWE-98
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CVE-2025-67523Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-53434Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-27342Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-22496Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-49426Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28023Shared CWE-98

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly mitigates the improper filename control in PHP include/require by enforcing validation of user-supplied inputs to prevent local file inclusion.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Requires identification, reporting, and correction of the specific flaw in the Lettuce WordPress theme versions <=1.1.7, eliminating the vulnerability through patching.

RA-5 Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning good match
detectrespond

Vulnerability scanning detects the LFI vulnerability in the Lettuce theme, enabling timely remediation to prevent exploitation.

References