Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-51846

HighPublic PoC

Published: 30 April 2026

Published
30 April 2026
Modified
04 May 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0066 71.3th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-51846 is a high-severity Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) vulnerability in Xwiki Cryptpad. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Direct Network Flood (T1498.001); ranked in the top 28.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SC-6 (Resource Availability).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Direct Network Flood (T1498.001). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly implements denial-of-service protections such as rate limiting or throttling to prevent unbounded WebSocket frame floods from causing resource exhaustion.

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like the unbounded WebSocket frame handling vulnerability in CryptPad.

prevent

Protects system resource availability from degradation due to excessive consumption by unauthenticated WebSocket frame flood attacks.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1498.001 Direct Network Flood Impact
Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by directly sending a high-volume of network traffic to a target.
Why these techniques?

Direct mapping to network DoS via unbounded WebSocket frame flooding (CWE-770 resource exhaustion).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

CryptPad 2025.3.1 allows unbounded WebSocket frame flood. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can significantly degrade or deny service for all users of a CryptPad instance. Fixed in 2026.2.2.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-51846 is an unbounded WebSocket frame flood vulnerability (CWE-770) affecting CryptPad version 2025.3.1. This flaw enables resource exhaustion due to a lack of limits or throttling on incoming WebSocket frames, published on 2026-04-30 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A remote, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction or privileges required. Successful exploitation significantly degrades performance or fully denies service to all users of the affected CryptPad instance by flooding it with WebSocket frames.

The vulnerability is addressed in CryptPad version 2026.2.2. Mitigation details appear in the advisory at https://github.com/JohnPerifanis/cryptpad-cve-2025-51846-advisory/blob/main/README.md, the fixing pull request at https://github.com/cryptpad/cryptpad/pull/2239/changes/1e0c06ad8a0c5dab795f85f9730ec2693320c62e, CISA's CSAF document at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/IT/white/2026/va-26-119-01.json, and the official CVE record at https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-51846.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

xwiki
cryptpad
2025.3.1 — 2026.2.2

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References