Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-52638

Medium

Published: 16 March 2026

Published
16 March 2026
Modified
27 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 5.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0002 6.1th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-52638 is a medium-severity Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (CWE-345) vulnerability in Hcl Aion. Its CVSS base score is 5.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Escape to Host (T1611); ranked at the 6.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-6 (Least Privilege) and CM-6 (Configuration Settings).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-52638 is a vulnerability in HCL AION that allows generated containers to execute binaries with root-level privileges. This issue increases security risks by granting elevated permissions within the container environment, contrary to best practices that emphasize privilege minimization. The vulnerability is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.6 (AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-345 (Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity).

Exploitation requires local access to the system, high attack complexity, privileges at a high level, and user interaction from the target. An attacker who meets these conditions can achieve high impacts on integrity and availability, enabling unauthorized modifications and disruptions to container processes, though confidentiality remains unaffected.

The HCL support knowledge base article at https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article&sysparm_article=KB0129410 details the issue and mitigation steps, which include aligning container configurations with security best practices such as minimizing privileges and avoiding root-level execution wherever possible.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

HCL AION is affected by a vulnerability where generated containers may execute binaries with root-level privileges. Running containers with root privileges may increase the potential security risk, as it grants elevated permissions within the container environment. Aligning container configurations with…

more

security best practices requires minimizing privileges and avoiding root-level execution wherever possible.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1611 Escape to Host Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may break out of a container or virtualized environment to gain access to the underlying host.
Why these techniques?

Root execution in generated containers directly facilitates container-to-host escape attempts.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-52648Same product: Hcl Aion
CVE-2025-52637Same product: Hcl Aion
CVE-2025-24903Shared CWE-345
CVE-2026-35051Shared CWE-345
CVE-2025-63910Shared CWE-345
CVE-2026-33143Shared CWE-345
CVE-2026-33243Shared CWE-345
CVE-2025-27680Shared CWE-345
CVE-2026-3012Shared CWE-345
CVE-2026-24772Shared CWE-345

Affected Assets

hcl
aion
2.0 — 2.1.2

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires least-privilege execution so containers cannot run binaries as root.

prevent

Mandates restrictive, documented configuration settings that prohibit root-level container execution.

prevent

Requires a hardened baseline configuration that would define non-root container settings.

References