Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-54254

XXE in Adobe Experience Manager Forms ≤ 6.5.23.0

High EPSSXXE
Published
05 August 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.77 99.5th percentile
Risk Priority 88 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-54254 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (CWE-611) vulnerability in Adobe Experience Manager Forms. Its CVSS base score is 8.6 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 0.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-54254 is an Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (XXE) vulnerability, classified as CWE-611, affecting Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.23 and earlier. This issue enables arbitrary file system reads, allowing attackers to access sensitive files on the local file system.

With a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N), the vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network with low complexity, requiring no privileges or user interaction, and features a changed scope that results in high confidentiality impact. Unauthenticated attackers can leverage this to read sensitive local files without any user involvement.

Adobe's security bulletin APSB25-82, published at https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/aem-forms/apsb25-82.html, details mitigation steps and available patches for affected versions.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.23 and earlier are affected by an Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference ('XXE') vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to access sensitive files on the…

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local file system, scope is changed. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
T1213 Data from Information Repositories Collection
Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-54253Same product: Adobe Experience Manager Forms
CVE-2025-61813Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2025-61821Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2026-48359Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2016-4264Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2025-49544Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2025-49539Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2025-49535Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2025-61823Same vendor: Adobe
CVE-2026-47960Same vendor: Adobe

Affected Assets

adobe
experience manager forms
≤ 6.5.23.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.5.1
  • V15.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Secure configuration settings can disable external entity processing in XML parsers.

Developer testing can discover XXE flaws through targeted XML parsing tests.

Input validation can reject or sanitize XML containing external entity references.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened XML parser configurations directly disable external entity resolution.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices include input validation and safe XML parser configuration that prevent XXE.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning can discover XXE flaws but does not prevent their introduction in code.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching eliminates XXE-vulnerable parser versions but is only one aspect of software maintenance.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches XXE via static analysis and dynamic XML fuzzing.

finds

Vulnerability management identifies and patches XML libraries with unsafe default entity settings.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and entity handling that directly prevents XXE.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for disabling external entity processing in XML parsers.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include safe parser configuration that mitigates external entity risks.

prevents

Secure coding standards require disabling DTDs and external entities in XML processing.

References