Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-61823

XXE in Adobe Coldfusion 2021 … 2025

Published
10 December 2025
Modified
12 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0043 35th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-61823 is a medium-severity Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (CWE-611) vulnerability in Adobe Coldfusion. Its CVSS base score is 6.2 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

ColdFusion versions 2025.4, 2023.16, 2021.22 and earlier are affected by an Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference ('XXE') vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. A high privileged attacker could exploit this vulnerability to access sensitive files…

more

and data on the server. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction and scope is changed.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

XXE vulnerability in ColdFusion (public-facing application) directly enables arbitrary file read via XML external entity processing, mapping to T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-61813Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2025-49535Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2025-61821Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2026-48324Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2016-4264Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2026-47928Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2026-48316Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2026-48332Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2026-27282Same product: Adobe Coldfusion
CVE-2026-48282Same product: Adobe Coldfusion

Affected Assets

adobe
coldfusion
2021, 2023, 2025

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • CM-6 Configuration Settings
  • SC-7 Boundary Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.5.1
  • V15.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly blocks the malicious XML input containing external entity references that ColdFusion's parser would otherwise resolve to read arbitrary files.

prevent

Enforces secure XML parser configuration settings (disable external entities, disable DTDs) that eliminate the root cause of this XXE flaw in ColdFusion.

prevent

Boundary protection can restrict outbound network or file-system access initiated by the XML parser during entity resolution, limiting the impact of successful XXE exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened XML parser configurations directly disable external entity resolution.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices include input validation and safe XML parser configuration that prevent XXE.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning can discover XXE flaws but does not prevent their introduction in code.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching eliminates XXE-vulnerable parser versions but is only one aspect of software maintenance.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development catches XXE via static analysis and dynamic XML fuzzing.

detects

Vulnerability management identifies and patches XML libraries with unsafe default entity settings.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and entity handling that directly prevents XXE.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for disabling external entity processing in XML parsers.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include safe parser configuration that mitigates external entity risks.

prevents

Secure coding standards require disabling DTDs and external entities in XML processing.

References