Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-54438

Critical

Published: 23 July 2025

Published
23 July 2025
Modified
30 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0021 43.6th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-54438 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 43.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

SI-10 requires information input validation at upload entry points, directly preventing path traversal by ensuring pathnames cannot escape restricted directories in MagicINFO Server.

prevent

AC-3 enforces logical access controls on file system resources, blocking unauthorized writes to restricted directories even if path traversal occurs.

preventdetect

SC-7 provides boundary protection with content inspection at the web server interface to filter and block path traversal sequences in remote upload requests.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1100 Web Shell Persistence
A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network.
Why these techniques?

Path traversal in public-facing server directly enables unauthenticated web shell upload for RCE.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server.This issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-54438, published on 2025-07-23, is an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability, classified under CWE-22, in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server versions less than 21.1080.0. The flaw enables attackers to upload a web shell to the web server due to inadequate path validation.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating it is exploitable remotely over the network by unauthenticated attackers with low attack complexity and no user interaction. Exploitation allows attackers to upload a web shell, achieving high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as remote code execution on the server.

Samsung's security advisory provides details on mitigation and patches at https://security.samsungtv.com/securityUpdates.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

samsung
magicinfo 9 server
≤ 21.1080.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-54453Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54450Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54443Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54446Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2026-25201Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54451Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54440Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54449Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54441Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server
CVE-2025-54448Same product: Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server

References