Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-54812

Low

Published: 22 August 2025

Published
22 August 2025
Modified
04 November 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 2.1 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0058 69.4th percentile
Risk Priority 5 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-54812 is a low-severity Improper Output Neutralization for Logs (CWE-117) vulnerability in Apache Log4Cxx. Its CVSS base score is 2.1 (Low).

Operationally, ranked in the top 30.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Output Neutralization for Logs vulnerability in Apache Log4cxx. When using HTMLLayout, logger names are not properly escaped when writing out to the HTML file. If untrusted data is used to retrieve the name of a logger, an attacker could…

more

theoretically inject HTML or Javascript in order to hide information from logs or steal data from the user. In order to activate this, the following sequence must occur: * Log4cxx is configured to use HTMLLayout. * Logger name comes from an untrusted string * Logger with compromised name logs a message * User opens the generated HTML log file in their browser, leading to potential XSS Because logger names are generally constant strings, we assess the impact to users as LOW This issue affects Apache Log4cxx: before 1.5.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.5.0, which fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

apache
log4cxx
≤ 1.5.0

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-117

Policy and procedures require sanitization and neutralization when generating audit logs to avoid injection issues.

addresses: CWE-117

Requiring output to conform to expected content prevents unneutralized data from reaching logs.

References