Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-40023

Medium

Published: 10 April 2026

Published
10 April 2026
Modified
21 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 6.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0050 38.9th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-40023 is a medium-severity Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output (CWE-116) vulnerability in Apache Log4Cxx. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Disable or Modify Tools (T1685); ranked at the 38.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Apache Log4cxx's XMLLayout https://logging.apache.org/log4cxx/1.7.0/classlog4cxx_1_1xml_1_1XMLLayout.html , in versions before 1.7.0, fails to sanitize characters forbidden by the XML 1.0 specification https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#charsets in log messages, NDC, and MDC property keys and values, producing invalid XML output. Conforming XML parsers must reject such…

more

documents with a fatal error, which may cause downstream log processing systems to drop or fail to index affected records. An attacker who can influence logged data can exploit this to suppress individual log records, impairing audit trails and detection of malicious activity. Users are advised to upgrade to Apache Log4cxx 1.7.0, which fixes this issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1685 Disable or Modify Tools Defense Impairment
Adversaries may disable, degrade, or tamper with security tools or applications (e.
Why these techniques?

Vulnerability enables suppression of log records via invalid XML, directly impairing audit/detection mechanisms (T1562).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

Affected Assets

apache
log4cxx
≤ 1.7.0

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-116

Validating that output matches expected content directly mitigates failures to properly encode or escape data for its destination context.

References