Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-56093

RCE in Ruijie X30 Pro Firmware

Published
11 December 2025
Modified
27 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.032 87th percentile
Risk Priority 69 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-56093 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Ruijie X30 Pro Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 13% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-56093 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) affecting the Ruijie X30-PRO device, specifically version X30-PRO-V1_09241521. The flaw resides in the setWisp function within the file /usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/wireless.lua, where attackers can execute arbitrary operating system commands by sending a crafted POST request. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Exploitation requires low privileges, such as those held by an authenticated user with network access to the device. An attacker can remotely trigger the vulnerability with low complexity and no user interaction, achieving arbitrary command execution on the underlying operating system. This grants high-level control over the device, potentially enabling full compromise, data exfiltration, persistence, or further lateral movement within a network.

Advisories and detailed reports, including vulnerability analyses for this and related Ruijie device flaws, are available in the referenced GitHub repositories from flegoity and associated OneDrive documents. Practitioners should consult these sources for vendor-specific guidance on patches, workarounds, or configuration changes to mitigate exposure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

OS Command Injection vulnerability in Ruijie X30-PRO X30-PRO-V1_09241521 allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted POST request to the setWisp in file /usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/wireless.lua.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-56094Same product: Ruijie Rg-Ew300 Pro
CVE-2025-56098Same product: Ruijie Rg-Ew300 Pro
CVE-2025-56108Same product: Ruijie Rg-Eap602
CVE-2025-56099Same product: Ruijie Rg-Eap602
CVE-2025-56095Same product: Ruijie Rg-Eap602
CVE-2025-56113Same product: Ruijie Rg-Eap602
CVE-2025-56092Same product: Ruijie X30 Pro
CVE-2025-56084Same product: Ruijie Rg-Eap602
CVE-2025-56117Same product: Ruijie X30 Pro
CVE-2025-56083Same product: Ruijie Rg-Eap602

Affected Assets

ruijie
x30 pro firmware
all versions
ruijie
rg-ew300 pro firmware
3.0\(1\)b11p219
ruijie
rg-eap602 firmware
3.0\(1\)b2p55

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References