CVE-2025-56094
Published: 11 December 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-56094 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Ruijie X30 Pro Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 48.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly validates and sanitizes crafted POST request inputs to the module_get function, preventing OS command injection exploitation.
Mandates timely flaw remediation, such as applying vendor patches for the vulnerability in /usr/local/lua/dev_sta/host_access_delay.lua.
Limits privileges of low-privileged users and the handling process, reducing impact of arbitrary OS command execution.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
OS command injection via crafted POST to web interface on network device directly enables exploitation of public-facing application (T1190), arbitrary Unix shell command execution (T1059.004), and privilege escalation from low privileges to arbitrary OS commands (T1068).
NVD Description
OS Command Injection vulnerability in Ruijie X30-PRO X30-PRO-V1_09241521 allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted POST request to the module_get in file /usr/local/lua/dev_sta/host_access_delay.lua.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-56094 is an OS Command Injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in the Ruijie X30-PRO device, specifically version X30-PRO-V1_09241521. The issue affects the module_get function in the file /usr/local/lua/dev_sta/host_access_delay.lua, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands through a crafted POST request. Published on 2025-12-11, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
Attackers with low privileges, such as standard authenticated users, can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows arbitrary command execution on the underlying OS, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially leading to full device compromise.
Advisories and detailed reports on mitigation, including potential patches or workarounds, are available in the following references: https://1drv.ms/f/c/12406a392c92914b/EtGIxwWujwxBvQhL9wgnUIwBkg-mndJJX07Igr6d0cic-g?e=4KJbWY, https://1drv.ms/t/c/12406a392c92914b/EX8LVTGd3L9OrXvTuHDFITQBnWL-5C-CINxUmowR7vCVig?e=Quevaq, and https://github.com/flegoity/Ruijie-Multiple-Devices-Vulnerability-Reports-for-CVE/blob/main/CVE-2025-56094.md.
Details
- CWE(s)