Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-58130

Exposed Creds in Apache Fineract ≤ 1.12.1

Published
12 December 2025
Modified
18 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0042 35th percentile
Risk Priority 67 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-58130 is a critical-severity Insufficiently Protected Credentials (CWE-522) vulnerability in Apache Fineract. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Unsecured Credentials (T1552); ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-28 (Protection of Information at Rest) and SC-8 (Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

Apache Fineract, an open-source core banking platform, is affected by CVE-2025-58130, an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability classified under CWE-522. This flaw impacts all versions of Apache Fineract through 1.11.0, where credentials are not adequately safeguarded, potentially exposing sensitive authentication data. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1, indicating critical severity due to its high impact on confidentiality and integrity.

Remote attackers require no privileges, authentication, or user interaction to exploit this issue over the network with low complexity. Successful exploitation allows unauthenticated adversaries to access protected credentials, enabling high-level compromise of confidentiality by reading sensitive data and integrity by modifying it, without affecting availability.

Apache advisories confirm the issue is fixed in version 1.12.1, with users strongly encouraged to upgrade to the latest release, 1.13.0, for comprehensive protection. Relevant discussions are available in the Apache mailing list announcement and OSS-Security mailing list post.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in Apache Fineract. This issue affects Apache Fineract: through 1.11.0. The issue is fixed in version 1.12.1. Users are encouraged to upgrade to version 1.13.0, the latest release.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
T1021 Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1114.002 Remote Email Collection Collection
Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information.
T1550.003 Pass the Ticket Lateral Movement
Adversaries may “pass the ticket” using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-23408Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2024-23537Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2026-56287Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2023-25196Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2023-25197Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2025-58137Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2024-23539Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2024-23538Same product: Apache Fineract
CVE-2023-50291Same vendor: Apache
CVE-2023-25195Same product: Apache Fineract

Affected Assets

apache
fineract
≤ 1.12.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 1 hardening rule · 1 OS baseline
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V11.3.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Protection of information at rest requires encryption or equivalent safeguards for stored credentials.

Transmission confidentiality and integrity enforcement stops credentials from being sent in plaintext or without protection.

Authenticator management requires secure generation, storage, and distribution of credentials, directly stopping insecure methods.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.DS-01 full match
prevents

Encrypting data-at-rest fully prevents insecure credential storage while only partially satisfying the broader data-protection outcome.

PR.DS-02 full match
prevents

Encrypting data-in-transit fully prevents interception of credentials in motion while only partially satisfying the broader data-protection outcome.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

Credential management practices directly reduce insecure storage/transmission but do not guarantee encryption or transport protection.

PR.AA-04 mostly match
prevents

Protecting identity assertions covers conveyance of credentials but is narrower than full credential lifecycle protection.

PR.AA-03 partial match
prevents

Authentication policies can enforce stronger credential handling yet address only verification, not storage or transit protection.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Requiring protected storage, transmission, and non-display of passwords prevents credentials from being stored or sent in clear text where they can be harvested by unauthorized actors.

prevents

Protecting secret and private keys against disclosure and unauthorized use decreases the exposure of credentials that are stored or transmitted in recoverable form.

prevents

Forbidding clear-text transmission and display of passwords, plus the use of stronger alternatives to passwords, prevents credentials from being obtained or reused by attackers.

prevents

Acceptable-use expectations that cover protection of credentials and information assets throughout their lifecycle discourage practices that expose or mishandle authentication material.

prevents

Contractual clauses that survive termination help ensure that credentials and other secrets are not retained or misused after employment ends.

prevents

Regular reminders about password security and personal accountability make users less likely to store or transmit credentials in cleartext or other unprotected forms.

References