Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-58946

High

Published: 18 December 2025

Published
18 December 2025
Modified
27 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 32.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-58946 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability in Axiomthemes Vocal. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-58946 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, classified as PHP Remote File Inclusion, in the axiomthemes Vocal WordPress theme. The flaw enables PHP Local File Inclusion and affects all versions of Vocal from n/a through 1.12. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-98.

The vulnerability is exploitable by unauthenticated attackers (PR:N) over the network (AV:N) with high attack complexity (AC:H) and no user interaction (UI:N). Successful exploitation grants high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), allowing PHP Local File Inclusion as described.

Patchstack provides details on the vulnerability in the WordPress Vocal theme version 1.12 via its advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/vocal/vulnerability/wordpress-vocal-theme-1-12-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Vocal vocal allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Vocal: from n/a through <= 1.12.

CWE(s)
CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

LFI in public-facing WordPress theme enables initial access via T1190 and facilitates collection of local system data (T1005) or credentials in files like wp-config.php (T1552.001).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-60066Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58925Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58803Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58940Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58936Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58709Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58225Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60048Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58944Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58949Same vendor: Axiomthemes

Affected Assets

axiomthemes
vocal
≤ 1.12

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Directly mitigates CVE-2025-58946 by requiring identification, reporting, and correction of the PHP Local File Inclusion flaw in the Vocal WordPress theme.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Prevents exploitation of the improper filename control in PHP include/require by validating user-supplied inputs for malicious paths or filenames.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions good match
prevent

Enforces restrictions on filename inputs to the Vocal theme's PHP functions, blocking unauthorized local file inclusion attempts via path traversal.

References