Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59157

RCE in Coollabs Coolify ≤ 4.0.0

Published
05 January 2026
Modified
12 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.018 77th percentile
Risk Priority 72 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59157 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Coollabs Coolify. Its CVSS base score is 9.9 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 23% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-59157 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in Coolify, an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. The issue affects versions prior to 4.0.0-beta.420.7, specifically in the Git Repository field during project creation. User input in this field is not properly sanitized, enabling the injection of arbitrary shell commands that execute on the underlying server as part of the deployment workflow. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.9 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low complexity, and high impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability with scope change.

A regular member user with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability remotely without user interaction. By crafting a malicious Git Repository URL during project creation, the attacker injects shell commands that run with the privileges of the deployment process on the server hosting Coolify. This allows full compromise of the underlying server, including data exfiltration, modification of applications or databases, or further lateral movement within the environment.

The official GitHub security advisory (GHSA-5cg9-38qj-8mc3) confirms that updating to version 4.0.0-beta.420.7 patches the issue by addressing the lack of input sanitization in the Git Repository field. Security practitioners should immediately upgrade affected Coolify instances and review access controls for member users to prevent exploitation during project deployments.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to version 4.0.0-beta.420.7, the Git Repository field during project creation is vulnerable to command injection. User input is not properly sanitized, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary…

more

shell commands that execute on the underlying server during the deployment workflow. A regular member user can exploit this vulnerability. Version 4.0.0-beta.420.7 contains a patch for the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-66212Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66210Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-22605Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-22606Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66211Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66209Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-59156Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66213Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-34161Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-64419Same product: Coollabs Coolify

Affected Assets

coollabs
coolify
4.0.0 · ≤ 4.0.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References