Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-64419

RCE in Coollabs Coolify ≤ 4.0.0

Published
05 January 2026
Modified
12 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0063 47th percentile
Risk Priority 68 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-64419 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Coollabs Coolify. Its CVSS base score is 9.6 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 47th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-64419 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-77) in Coolify, an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to version 4.0.0-beta.445, parameters sourced from docker-compose.yaml files are not sanitized before being passed to system commands. This flaw has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity with network accessibility, low attack complexity, no required privileges, user interaction needed, and high impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by controlling a Git repository that a victim user pulls into their Coolify instance when creating an application using the "docker compose" build pack. The unsanitized parameters in the malicious docker-compose.yaml enable arbitrary command execution on the Coolify host as the root user, potentially allowing full compromise of the server, data exfiltration, persistence, or further lateral movement.

The Coolify security advisory (GHSA-234r-xrrg-m8f3) and associated fix commit (f86ccfaa9af572a5487da8ea46b0a125a4854cf6) confirm that upgrading to version 4.0.0-beta.445 or later resolves the issue through proper sanitization of docker-compose.yaml parameters. Security practitioners should advise users to update immediately, validate application sources, and review docker-compose configurations for any ongoing risks.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to version 4.0.0-beta.445, parameters coming from docker-compose.yaml are not sanitized when used in commands. If a victim user creates an application from an attacker repository (using…

more

build pack "docker compose"), the attacker can execute commands on the Coolify instance as root. Version 4.0.0-beta.445 fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-64424Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-34161Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66212Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66210Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-22605Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-22606Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66211Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66209Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-59156Same product: Coollabs Coolify
CVE-2025-66213Same product: Coollabs Coolify

Affected Assets

coollabs
coolify
4.0.0 · ≤ 4.0.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover command-construction flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops construction of commands from untrusted data containing special elements.

Secure engineering principles include proper neutralization and safe command construction practices.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and neutralization that prevent command injection.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References