Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59388

Exposed Creds in Qnap Hyper Data Protector 2.2.0.284 – 2.3.1.455

Published
12 March 2026
Modified
16 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 6.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0047 39th percentile
Risk Priority 41 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59388 is a medium-severity Use of Hard-coded Password (CWE-259) vulnerability in Qnap Hyper Data Protector. Its CVSS base score is 6.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Valid Accounts (T1078); ranked at the 39th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-5 (Authenticator Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-59388 is a use of hard-coded password vulnerability (CWE-259) affecting Hyper Data Protector software. Published on 2026-03-12, it enables remote attackers to exploit the hard-coded credentials for unauthorized access to the affected component.

Attackers require only network access to the vulnerable Hyper Data Protector instance, with no privileges, authentication, or user interaction needed (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, score 9.8). Successful exploitation grants unauthorized access, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

QNAP has addressed the issue in Hyper Data Protector version 2.3.1.455 and later. Additional mitigation details are available in the security advisory at https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-48.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A use of hard-coded password vulnerability has been reported to affect Hyper Data Protector. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to gain unauthorized access. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: Hyper Data Protector 2.3.1.455…

more

and later

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
T1133 External Remote Services Persistence
Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-59389Same product: Qnap Hyper Data Protector
CVE-2026-22900Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2026-22055Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2026-22054Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2024-50390Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2023-23370Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2025-62844Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2025-57713Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2026-22898Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2024-38643Same product class: NAS / storage appliance

Affected Assets

qnap
hyper data protector
2.2.0.284 — 2.3.1.455

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Authenticator management requires secure distribution, rotation, and verification of credentials, directly stopping hard-coded passwords from being introduced or used.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prohibit embedding credentials in source code or binaries.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Requiring users to change temporary or default passwords at first use stops the continued existence of hard-coded or guessable passwords that are shipped with the product.

References