Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59510

Microsoft Windows 10 1607 ≤ 10.0.14393.8594

Published
11 November 2025
Modified
17 November 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0049 39th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59510 is a medium-severity Link Following (CWE-59) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1607. Its CVSS base score is 5.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked at the 39th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to deny service locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Local DoS via exploitation of link following vulnerability in Windows service directly enables T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-25187Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-42989Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-45586Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21274Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21347Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21420Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-49791Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-49180Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21373Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21204Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8594 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8594
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8027 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8027
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6575
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6575
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6199
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7092
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7092
microsoft
windows server 2012
r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8594
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.8027
+3 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
  • SC-39 Process Isolation
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V15.4.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Enforces proper access checks on file paths before following links, directly blocking the unauthorized local file access that triggers the RRAS DoS.

prevent

Restricts privileges of the RRAS service and local accounts so an authorized attacker cannot reach the vulnerable link-resolution code path.

prevent

Isolates the RRAS process from other system resources, limiting the blast radius of any link-following DoS that succeeds.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require code to validate paths and avoid unsafe link following.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing can detect link-following flaws before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC practices can mandate link-resolution checks and canonicalization before file access.

prevents

Application security requirements can explicitly require safe handling of symbolic links and path traversal.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include input validation and safe file-access design patterns.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly address canonicalization and symlink attacks during implementation.

none

Access-control rules can limit which files are reachable, reducing exposure to malicious links.

References