Raw vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:XSummary
CVE-2025-64438 is a low-severity Infinite Loop (CWE-835) vulnerability in Eprosima Fast Dds. Its CVSS base score is 1.7 (Low).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked at the 43th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-64438 is a remotely triggerable out-of-memory (OOM) denial-of-service vulnerability in Fast DDS, a C++ implementation of the OMG Data Distribution Service (DDS) standard. It affects versions prior to 3.4.1, 3.3.1, and 2.6.11, specifically when processing RTPS GAP submessages under RELIABLE QoS. An attacker can send a small GAP packet with a huge gap range (gapList.base - gapStart), causing StatefulReader::processGapMsg() to enter an unbounded loop that inserts millions of sequence numbers into WriterProxy::changes_received_ (a std::set), resulting in multi-GB heap growth and process termination. The issue is classified as CWE-835 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
Any attacker with network reachability to a vulnerable DDS reader on the relevant domain can exploit this, as no authentication is required. Exploitation triggers rapid memory exhaustion—up to approximately 64 GB observed in non-ASan environments without resource limits—leading to process crash and denial of service. The attack relies solely on crafting and sending malformed RTPS GAP submessages, making it straightforward for remote unauthenticated actors.
Patches addressing this vulnerability are available in Fast DDS versions 3.4.1, 3.3.1, and 2.6.11, with specific fixes implemented in GitHub commits 0b0cb308eaeeb2175694aa0a0a723106824ce9a7, 71da01b4aea4d937558984f2cf0089f5ba3c871f, and 8ca016134dac20b6e30e42b7b73466ef7cdbc213. Security practitioners should upgrade to these versions and review the Debian security tracker at https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-64438 for distribution-specific guidance.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-206668
Vulnerability Data
Fast DDS is a C++ implementation of the DDS (Data Distribution Service) standard of the OMG (Object Management Group ). Prior to versions 3.4.1, 3.3.1, and 2.6.11, a remotely triggerable Out-of-Memory (OOM) denial-of-service exists in Fast -DDS when processing RTPS…
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GAP submessages under RELIABLE QoS. By sending a tiny GAP packet with a huge gap range (`gapList .base - gapStart`), an attacker drives `StatefulReader::processGapMsg()` into an unbounded loop that inserts millions of s equence numbers into `WriterProxy::changes_received_` (`std::set`), causing multi-GB heap growth and process termination. No authentication is required beyond network reachability to the reader on the DDS domain. In environments without an RSS limit (non-ASan / unlimited), memory consumption was observed to rise to ~64 GB. Versions 3.4.1, 3.3.1, and 2.6.11 patch t he issue.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and evaluation can discover unreachable loop exit conditions through static analysis, fuzzing, or execution tracing.
Flaw remediation processes identify and correct infinite-loop defects reported from testing or operations.
Requiring documented development processes and secure coding standards reduces introduction of loops whose termination conditions are unreachable.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing can uncover infinite-loop conditions before release.
Secure development life cycle mandates practices that can detect and prevent infinite-loop defects.
Application security requirements can specify loop-termination rules, indirectly reducing the weakness.
Secure coding standards directly address loop termination and prevent infinite loops.
Secure architecture principles encourage designs that avoid unreachable exit conditions.
Change management can require review of loop logic when code is modified.