Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-65098

XSS in Typebot ≤ 3.13.2

Published
22 January 2026
Modified
30 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0031 23th percentile
Risk Priority 53 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2025-65098 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Typebot Typebot. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Browser Session Hijacking (T1185); ranked at the 23th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the Privacy and Disclosure risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-24 (Access Control Decisions) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-65098 is a vulnerability in Typebot, an open-source chatbot builder, affecting versions prior to 3.13.2. It enables client-side script execution that allows attackers to steal all stored credentials from any user. The root cause lies in the `/api/trpc/credentials.getCredentials` endpoint, which returns plaintext API keys without verifying credential ownership, published on 2026-01-22.

Attackers can exploit this by creating a malicious typebot, which victims preview by clicking "Run." This triggers JavaScript execution in the victim's browser, exfiltrating sensitive data such as OpenAI keys, Google Sheets tokens, and SMTP passwords. Exploitation requires no privileges (PR:N) and is achievable remotely over the network (AV:N), though it demands user interaction (UI:R), resulting in a CVSS score of 7.4 with high confidentiality impact (C:H) in a changed scope (S:C).

Version 3.13.2 addresses the issue by fixing the credential retrieval flaw. Additional details are available in the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/baptisteArno/typebot.io/security/advisories/GHSA-4xc5-wfwc-jw47.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Typebot is an open-source chatbot builder. In versions prior to 3.13.2, client-side script execution in Typebot allows stealing all stored credentials from any user. When a victim previews a malicious typebot by clicking "Run", JavaScript executes in their browser and…

more

exfiltrates their OpenAI keys, Google Sheets tokens, and SMTP passwords. The `/api/trpc/credentials.getCredentials` endpoint returns plaintext API keys without verifying credential ownership. Version 3.13.2 fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
Privacy and Disclosure
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: openai

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions.
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-7021Shared CWE-200, CWE-284
CVE-2026-8028Shared CWE-200, CWE-284
CVE-2025-59434Shared CWE-200, CWE-284
CVE-2026-8026Shared CWE-200, CWE-284
CVE-2026-41266Shared CWE-200, CWE-522
CVE-2025-7565Shared CWE-200, CWE-284
CVE-2026-29872Shared CWE-200, CWE-284
CVE-2025-67732Shared CWE-200, CWE-522
CVE-2026-59216Shared CWE-200, CWE-639
CVE-2025-63579Shared CWE-200, CWE-284

Affected Assets

typebot
typebot
≤ 3.13.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 27 hardening rules · 10 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V10.4.9
  • V11.7.1
  • V14.1.2
  • V14.2.4

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Access enforcement directly stops unauthorized actors from obtaining sensitive information.

Information flow enforcement structurally prevents sensitive data from reaching unauthorized recipients.

SC-13 mandates use of specific cryptography, structurally preventing unencrypted sensitive data.

Protection of information at rest prevents unauthorized exposure of stored sensitive data.

Transmission confidentiality mechanisms stop exposure of sensitive data on the wire.

Requiring explicit access-control decisions on each request blocks unauthorized key-driven access.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 full match
prevents

Enforcing authorization policy and least privilege directly blocks user-controlled key tampering that bypasses access checks.

PR.DS-01 full match
prevents

Encrypting data-at-rest fully prevents insecure credential storage while only partially satisfying the broader data-protection outcome.

PR.DS-02 full match
prevents

Encrypting data-in-transit fully prevents interception of credentials in motion while only partially satisfying the broader data-protection outcome.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

Credential management practices directly reduce insecure storage/transmission but do not guarantee encryption or transport protection.

PR.AA-04 mostly match
prevents

Protecting identity assertions covers conveyance of credentials but is narrower than full credential lifecycle protection.

PR.DS-10 mostly match
prevents

PR.DS-10 mostly prevents CWE-200 by directly eliminating unauthorized access to sensitive data-in-use, yet only partially addresses the weakness because CWE-200 spans many other exposure vectors outside runtime protection.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Defining and enforcing explicit access rights and restrictions for each entity directly stops the assignment of permissions that exceed what is required, eliminating the root condition that allows improper access control.

prevents

Formal authorization, role-based provisioning, and timely revocation of access rights directly stop the creation of accounts or permissions that exceed what the business actually needs.

prevents

Restricting anonymous or unknown access and encrypting high-value information limits the exposure of sensitive data that would otherwise be obtainable by unauthorized actors.

prevents

Suppressing system details, error specifics, and previous log-on information until successful authentication reduces the information an unauthenticated attacker can gather.

prevents

By requiring owners to assign sensitivity labels and corresponding handling rules, the control ensures that information is not left unmarked and therefore reduces the chance that sensitive data will be exposed to unauthorized actors.

prevents

Requiring encryption, access controls, and recipient authentication for transfers directly reduces the chance that sensitive data reaches an unauthorized observer.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (5 rules)
  • V-248525 All OL 8 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at-rest protection. prevents CWE-311
  • V-248581 OL 8 must require users to provide a password for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862
  • V-248597 There must be no "shosts.equiv" files on the OL 8 operating system. prevents CWE-284
Oracle Linux 9 (3 rules)
  • V-271756 OL 9 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at rest protection. prevents CWE-311
  • V-271758 OL 9 file systems must not contain .shosts files. prevents CWE-284
  • V-271757 OL 9 file systems must not contain shosts.equiv files. prevents CWE-284
RHEL 7 (4 rules)
  • V-251704 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862
  • V-204429 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be configured so that users must provide a password for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862
  • V-204606 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not contain .shosts files. prevents CWE-284
RHEL 8 (3 rules)
  • V-230224 All RHEL 8 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at rest protection. prevents CWE-311
  • V-230283 There must be no shosts.equiv files on the RHEL 8 operating system. prevents CWE-284
  • V-230284 There must be no .shosts files on the RHEL 8 operating system. prevents CWE-284
RHEL 9 (1 rule)
  • V-257879 RHEL 9 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at rest protection. prevents CWE-311
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260470 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, when booted, must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-200
Ubuntu 24.04 (2 rules)
  • V-270647 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must not have the telnet package installed. prevents CWE-200
  • V-270675 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS when booted must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-200
Windows 10 (1 rule)
  • V-220737 Administrative accounts must not be used with applications that access the Internet, such as web browsers, or with potential Internet sources, such as email. prevents CWE-200
Windows Server 2016 (2 rules)
  • V-224843 Systems requiring data at rest protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. prevents CWE-311
  • V-224974 Domain-created Active Directory Organizational Unit (OU) objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-200
Windows Server 2019 (2 rules)
  • V-205727 Windows Server 2019 systems requiring data at rest protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. prevents CWE-311
  • V-205743 Windows Server 2019 organization created Active Directory Organizational Unit (OU) objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-200

References