Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-6620

LowPublic PoC

Published: 25 June 2025

Published
25 June 2025
Modified
29 April 2026
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v4 2.1 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0699 91.6th percentile
Risk Priority 8 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-6620 is a low-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Totolink Ca300-Poe Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 2.1 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 8.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis

A vulnerability rated critical exists in the TOTOLINK CA300-PoE firmware version 6.2c.884. It resides in the setUpgradeUboot function within the upgrade.so file, where improper handling of the FileName argument permits OS command injection. The issue is tracked under CWE-77 and CWE-78 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 2.1 reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and low-privileged access requirements.

An authenticated remote attacker can supply a crafted FileName value to the affected function and execute arbitrary operating-system commands on the device. Public proof-of-concept code has been released, enabling an attacker to achieve limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the targeted appliance.

The associated EPSS score remains flat at 0.0699 with no material increase after disclosure. The referenced disclosures consist of technical write-ups and exploit details but contain no vendor advisory, patch information, or mitigation guidance.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK CA300-PoE 6.2c.884. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setUpgradeUboot of the file upgrade.so. The manipulation of the argument FileName leads to os command injection. The attack may…

more

be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)
CWE-77CWE-78

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1202 Indirect Command Execution Stealth
Adversaries may abuse utilities that allow for command execution to bypass security restrictions that limit the use of command-line interpreters.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Remote OS command injection via the upgrade.so FileName parameter enables exploitation of a public-facing web application (T1190) to achieve indirect command execution (T1202, as assigned by VulDB/ATT&CK) and Unix shell execution (T1059.004) on the Linux-based TOTOLINK device.

Affected Assets

totolink
ca300-poe firmware
6.2c.884

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-27 Platform-independent Applications
addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

References