Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-66216

Memory Safety in Aiscatcher Ais-Catcher ≤ 0.64

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
29 November 2025
Modified
23 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0050 40th percentile
Risk Priority 46 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-66216 is a critical-severity Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size (CWE-131) vulnerability in Aiscatcher Ais-Catcher. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 40th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-15 (Development Process, Standards, and Tools) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-66216 is a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the AIS::Message class of AIS-catcher, an open-source multi-platform AIS receiver software. Affecting versions prior to 0.64, the flaw enables an attacker to write approximately 1KB of arbitrary data into a 128-byte buffer, stemming from improper handling of input sizes as indicated by associated CWEs-131 (Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size) and CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write). The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting its critical severity due to network accessibility, low attack complexity, and no requirements for privileges or user interaction.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by unauthenticated attackers over the network with minimal prerequisites. Successful exploitation allows arbitrary code execution, data corruption, or denial of service by overwriting heap memory beyond the intended buffer boundaries, potentially compromising the AIS-catcher's functionality in receiving and processing Automatic Identification System (AIS) maritime data transmissions.

Mitigation is available through upgrading to AIS-catcher version 0.64, where the issue has been addressed via a specific commit. Official guidance is provided in the project's GitHub security advisory (GHSA-v53x-f5hh-g2g6) and the corresponding patch commit, recommending users review and apply the update promptly to prevent exploitation.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

AIS-catcher is a multi-platform AIS receiver. Prior to version 0.64, a heap buffer overflow vulnerability has been identified in the AIS::Message class of AIS-catcher. This vulnerability allows an attacker to write approximately 1KB of arbitrary data into a 128-byte buffer.…

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This issue has been patched in version 0.64.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-55827Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2023-5941Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2024-46729Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2023-24819Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2026-43501Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2024-23622Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2023-2687Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2026-53143Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2026-65705Shared CWE-131, CWE-787
CVE-2024-23606Shared CWE-131, CWE-787

Affected Assets

aiscatcher
ais-catcher
≤ 0.64

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer security testing and code review can discover incorrect buffer-size computations before deployment.

Requiring documented secure-development standards and tools can mandate bounds-checked coding practices that avoid the weakness.

Secure engineering principles directly require correct buffer-size arithmetic and bounds-checked allocation.

Input validation can enforce that supplied lengths or counts used in size calculations are within safe bounds.

Memory-protection mechanisms limit the exploitability of an overflow that results from an incorrect size calculation.

Flaw-remediation processes that include vulnerability scanning or static analysis will surface buffer-size errors.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent buffer-size miscalculations via coding standards, reviews, and testing, while fixing this single weakness only partially fulfills the broader control.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover out-of-bounds write flaws so they can be remediated.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software directly eliminates known instances of this coding weakness.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

degrades

Secure coding standards directly require correct buffer-size calculations.

finds

Security testing can detect buffer-size errors before release.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates size-checking practices that reduce buffer-size miscalculations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify buffer-size validation rules.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include safe memory-allocation guidelines.

prevents

Change management can enforce review gates that catch unsafe memory operations before deployment.

References