Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-66253

RCE in Dbbroadcast Mozart Next 100 Firmware

Published
26 November 2025
Modified
03 December 2025
CVSS Score v4 9.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.023 82th percentile
Risk Priority 51 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-66253 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Dbbroadcast Mozart Next 100 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.9 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 18% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-66253 is an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the start_upgrade.php script of DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. Mozart FM Transmitter devices, affecting versions 30, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 3500, 6000, and 7000. The issue stems from the /var/tdf/start_upgrade.php endpoint, which passes the user-controlled $_GET["filename"] parameter directly into the exec() PHP function without sanitization or shell escaping, enabling attackers to inject arbitrary commands.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted GET request to the start_upgrade.php endpoint, injecting shell metacharacters such as ; or | into the filename parameter. Successful exploitation allows remote code execution as the web server user, likely root, granting high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and maps to CWE-78 (OS Command Injection).

References for further details, including the vulnerability analysis, are provided at https://www.abdulmhsblog.com/posts/webfmvulns/. No vendor advisories or specific patch information are detailed in the CVE publication from 2025-11-26.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Unauthenticated OS Command Injection (start_upgrade.php) in DB Electronica Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. Mozart FM Transmitter versions 30, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 3500, 6000, 7000 allows an attacker to perform User input passed directly to exec() allows remote code execution…

more

via start_upgrade.php. The `/var/tdf/start_upgrade.php` endpoint passes user-controlled `$_GET["filename"]` directly into `exec()` without sanitization or shell escaping. Attackers can inject arbitrary shell commands using metacharacters (`;`, `|`, etc.) to achieve remote code execution as the web server user (likely root).

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-66261Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-63228Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66256Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-63227Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66250Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66263Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66262Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66260Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66251Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100
CVE-2025-66254Same product: Dbbroadcast Mozart Dds Next 100

Affected Assets

dbbroadcast
mozart next 100 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 1000 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 2000 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 30 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 300 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 3000 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 3500 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 50 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 500 firmware
all versions
dbbroadcast
mozart next 6000 firmware
all versions
+12 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References