Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2025-8078 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Zyxel Zld. Its CVSS base score is 7.2 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Network Device CLI (T1059.008); ranked in the top 29% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-35120
Vulnerability Data
A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.40, USG FLEX series firmware versions from V4.50 through V5.40, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40, and USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions from…
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V4.16 through V5.40 could allow an authenticated attacker with administrator privileges to execute operating system (OS) commands on the affected device by passing a crafted string as an argument to a CLI command.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Post-auth CLI command injection (CWE-78) on network devices directly enables OS command execution via Network Device CLI.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly requires validation and sanitization of untrusted input to CLI commands, blocking the crafted-string OS command injection (CWE-78).
Mandates prompt application of vendor patches that remediate the post-auth command-injection flaw in the affected Zyxel firmware versions.
Enforces least functionality by disabling or restricting unnecessary CLI commands and interfaces that could be abused for OS command execution.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.
Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.