Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-8170

HighPublic PoC

Published: 25 July 2025

Published
25 July 2025
Modified
07 August 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 7.4 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0135 80.5th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-8170 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink T6 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 19.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Deeper analysis

A critical buffer overflow vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-8170 affects the TOTOLINK T6 router running firmware 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015. It resides in the tcpcheck_net function of the /router/meshSlaveDlfw file inside the MQTT Packet Handler component, where unsanitized input to the serverIp argument can overflow a buffer. The issue is assigned CWE-119 and CWE-120 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4.

An authenticated attacker can trigger the flaw remotely by sending a crafted MQTT packet, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the device. Public proof-of-concept code demonstrating the exploit has been released on GitHub.

The associated EPSS score remains flat at 0.0135 with no material increase since disclosure, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date. Details and the PoC are documented in VulDB entries and the linked GitHub repository.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015. This vulnerability affects the function tcpcheck_net of the file /router/meshSlaveDlfw of the component MQTT Packet Handler. The manipulation of the argument serverIp leads to buffer overflow. The attack can…

more

be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

Remote buffer overflow in the router's MQTT packet handler (/router/meshSlaveDlfw tcpcheck_net serverIp) enables exploitation of a public-facing web endpoint or remote service for remote code execution.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-7912Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7913Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7460Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7758Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7837Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7862Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7614Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7524Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7952Same product: Totolink T6
CVE-2025-7613Same product: Totolink T6

Affected Assets

totolink
t6 firmware
v4.1.5cu.748_b20211015

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Validates the serverIp argument in the tcpcheck_net function to prevent buffer overflow exploitation.

prevent

Implements memory safeguards like address space layout randomization and data execution prevention to mitigate buffer overflow leading to arbitrary code execution.

prevent

Requires timely remediation of the known buffer overflow flaw in the MQTT Packet Handler via firmware updates.

References