Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-0498

RCE in Sap S\/4 Hana 102 … 109

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
22 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 35th percentile
Risk Priority 58 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-0498 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Sap S\/4 Hana. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-0498 is a critical vulnerability in SAP S/4HANA Private Cloud and On-Premise editions, affecting a function module exposed via RFC. Published on January 13, 2026, it allows an attacker with admin privileges to inject arbitrary ABAP code or OS commands, bypassing essential authorization checks. Classified under CWE-94 (Code Injection) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), the flaw acts as a backdoor, potentially leading to complete system compromise and undermining confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An attacker requires high-privilege admin access to exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction. By targeting the exposed RFC function module, they can execute arbitrary ABAP code or OS commands, evading standard authorization mechanisms. Successful exploitation grants full control over the SAP system, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or disruption across the affected environment.

SAP advisories address this issue via security note 3694242, available at https://me.sap.com/notes/3694242, and as part of the SAP Security Patch Day at https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday. Administrators should apply the recommended patches to mitigate the risk of exploitation.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

SAP S/4HANA (Private Cloud and On-Premise) allows an attacker with admin privileges to exploit a vulnerability in the function module exposed via RFC. This flaw enables the injection of arbitrary ABAP code/OS commands into the system, bypassing essential authorization checks.…

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This vulnerability effectively functions as a backdoor, creating the risk of full system compromise, undermining the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the system.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-41368Same product: Sap S\/4 Hana
CVE-2023-41369Same product: Sap S\/4 Hana
CVE-2023-0022Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2023-40621Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2021-21480Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2026-27674Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2025-0060Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2023-27893Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2024-21737Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2024-22131Same vendor: Sap

Affected Assets

sap
s\/4 hana
102, 103, 104, 105, 106

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References