Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-12307

Memory Safety in Mozilla Firefox ≤ 140.12.0

Published
16 June 2026
Modified
18 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0026 18th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-12307 is a medium-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 18th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox 152. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152, Firefox ESR 140.12, Thunderbird 152, and Thunderbird 140.12.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Why these techniques?

Memory corruption (CWE-119) in browser client enables exploitation for client execution.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-9187Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-12312Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2025-9185Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-7324Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-16350Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-16361Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-12305Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-0886Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-8954Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-0892Same product: Mozilla Firefox

Affected Assets

mozilla
firefox
≤ 140.12.0 · ≤ 152.0.0
mozilla
thunderbird
≤ 140.12.0 · ≤ 152.0.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SI-16 Memory Protection
  • CM-7 Least Functionality
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V17.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires timely application of vendor patches that remediate the memory-safety flaw (CWE-119) in Firefox/Thunderbird.

prevent

Mandates memory-protection mechanisms that mitigate exploitation of buffer-boundary violations even before a patch is applied.

prevent

Restricts unnecessary browser features and extensions that could be abused to trigger the memory-safety bug.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (bounds checking, safe APIs, reviews) directly prevent this class of flaw.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis directly surface buffer-boundary flaws.

ID.RA-08 partial match
prevents

Receiving and triaging vulnerability disclosures commonly includes buffer-related reports.

PR.AT-02 partial match
prevents

Developer training on secure coding reduces introduction of memory-buffer errors.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching replaces vulnerable code containing buffer-boundary defects.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates memory-safety practices that directly prevent buffer-boundary violations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-safety rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safe design patterns that mitigate buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer operations, directly eliminating CWE-119.

References