Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-20020

Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software 9.12.1 … 9.23.1

Published
04 March 2026
Modified
04 May 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0025 17th percentile
Risk Priority 36 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20020 is a medium-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software. Its CVSS base score is 6.8 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked at the 17th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SC-7 (Boundary Protection) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability in the OSPF protocol of Cisco Secure Firewall ASA Software and Cisco Secure FTD Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected device to reload unexpectedly, resulting in a DoS condition. If OSPF authentication is…

more

enabled, the attacker must know the secret key to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation when processing OSPF update packets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted OSPF update packets. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to create a buffer overflow, causing the affected device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Buffer overflow via crafted OSPF packets directly enables application/system exploitation for DoS (T1499.004).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-20100Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2024-20495Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2018-0296Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2026-20070Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2026-20073Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2024-20494Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2024-20384Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2025-20333Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2020-3580Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software
CVE-2024-20353Same product: Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software

Affected Assets

cisco
adaptive security appliance software
9.12.1, 9.12.1.2, 9.12.1.3, 9.12.2, 9.12.2.1
cisco
firepower threat defense
6.4.0, 6.4.0.1, 6.4.0.10, 6.4.0.11, 6.4.0.12

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SC-7 Boundary Protection
  • SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 6 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of OSPF update packet contents to block the malformed input that triggers the buffer overflow.

prevent

Boundary-protection rules can restrict OSPF packets to trusted adjacent peers, reducing the attack surface for unauthenticated crafted updates.

prevent

Enforces integrity protection (via OSPF authentication) on routing-protocol traffic, preventing exploitation unless the attacker knows the key.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require and enforce input validation during development.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Testing against a defined set of requirements and using code review plus vulnerability scanning forces validation of inputs and handling of unanticipated conditions, reducing the chance that malformed data will be accepted.

prevents

Secure-coding guidelines and mandatory security testing (including code scans) compel developers to validate and sanitize inputs at design and implementation time, lowering the incidence of malformed or malicious data reaching downstream components.

prevents

Mandating input controls that include integrity checks and input validation ensures that untrusted data is examined before use, blocking the root cause of many injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

prevents

Security-by-design principles explicitly call for data validation and sanitization at every layer, reducing the chance that malformed or malicious input will be processed without scrutiny.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure coding standards, peer review, SAST and documented mitigation of common programming errors forces validation of all inputs before they are trusted.

none

Regular automated validation of system software and data content, combined with scanning of all inbound files, enforces input validation at the boundary before untrusted content is processed.

References