CVE-2026-22552

CriticalUpdated

Published: 06 March 2026

Published

06 March 2026

Modified

06 May 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

EPSS Score 0.0014 33.5th percentile

Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-22552 is a critical-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Epower Epower.Ie. Its CVSS base score is 9.4 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 33.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and IA-3 (Device Identification and Authentication).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

IA-3 Device Identification and Authentication good match

prevent

Requires unique identification and authentication of charging stations as devices before establishing WebSocket connections, directly preventing unauthorized impersonation and command issuance.

AC-14 Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication good match

prevent

Explicitly identifies, authorizes, monitors, and reviews actions permitted without authentication, ensuring no critical OCPP WebSocket functions like station impersonation are allowed unauthenticated.

IA-9 Service Identification and Authentication good match

prevent

Mandates authentication of service users (charging stations) by the OCPP WebSocket service before establishing communications, blocking unauthenticated connections and data manipulation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1684.001 Impersonation Stealth

Adversaries may impersonate a trusted person or organization in order to persuade and trick a target into performing some action on their behalf.

attack.mitre.org →

T1565.002 Transmitted Data Manipulation Impact

Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The vulnerability enables exploitation of a public-facing WebSocket application (T1190), allows impersonation of charging stations due to missing authentication (T1656), and facilitates manipulation of transmitted data to the backend (T1565.002).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station identifier, then issue…

or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger. Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-22552 involves WebSocket endpoints that lack proper authentication mechanisms, classified under CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function). This vulnerability affects OCPP WebSocket endpoints used for communication between charging stations and backend systems in electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Attackers can exploit the absence of authentication to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate data transmitted to the backend, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.4 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L).

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can connect to the OCPP WebSocket endpoint by using a known or discovered charging station identifier. Once connected, the attacker can issue or receive OCPP commands as if acting as a legitimate charger, resulting in privilege escalation, unauthorized control over charging infrastructure, and corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.

Mitigation guidance is detailed in official advisories, including CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-26-062-07 available at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-062-07, the corresponding CSAF JSON file at https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-062-07.json, and vendor support resources at https://epower.ie/support/.