Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-23941

High

Published: 13 March 2026

Published
13 March 2026
Modified
21 May 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 7.0 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0053 40.5th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-23941 is a high-severity HTTP Request/Response Smuggling (CWE-444) vulnerability in Erlang Erlang\/Inets. Its CVSS base score is 7.0 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 40.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Erlang OTP (inets httpd module) allows HTTP Request Smuggling. This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/inets/src/http_server/httpd_request.erl and program routines httpd_request:parse_headers/7. The server does not reject or normalize duplicate Content-Length…

more

headers. The earliest Content-Length in the request is used for body parsing while common reverse proxies (nginx, Apache httpd, Envoy) honor the last Content-Length value. This violates RFC 9112 Section 6.3 and allows front-end/back-end desynchronization, leaving attacker-controlled bytes queued as the start of the next request. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 until OTP 28.4.1, OTP 27.3.4.9 and OTP 26.2.5.18, corresponding to inets from 5.10 until 9.6.1, 9.3.2.3 and 9.1.0.5.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

HTTP Request Smuggling in public-facing inets httpd web server module enables direct exploitation of the application via crafted duplicate Content-Length headers.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

Affected Assets

erlang
erlang\/inets
5.10 — 9.1.0.5 · 9.3 — 9.3.2.3 · 9.6 — 9.6.1
erlang
erlang\/otp
17.0 — 26.2.5.18 · 27.0 — 27.3.4.9 · 28.0 — 28.4.1

Mitigating Controls

No mitigating controls mapped yet. The per-CVE control annotator has not reached this CVE.

References