Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-25169

Microsoft Windows 10 21H2 ≤ 10.0.19044.7058

Published
10 March 2026
Modified
13 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0045 37th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-25169 is a medium-severity Divide By Zero (CWE-369) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2. Its CVSS base score is 6.2 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked at the 37th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and SC-39 (Process Isolation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Divide by zero in Microsoft Graphics Component allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Local divide-by-zero DoS in graphics component directly enables application/system exploitation for endpoint denial of service.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-21438Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-49079Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-43636Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-43646Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-43451Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-38203Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-43637Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-43638Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-43628Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2024-49082Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8957 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8957
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8511 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8511
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.7058 · ≤ 10.0.19044.7058 · ≤ 10.0.19044.7058
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.7058 · ≤ 10.0.19045.7058 · ≤ 10.0.19045.7058
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6783 · ≤ 10.0.22631.6783
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7979 · ≤ 10.0.26100.7979
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7979 · ≤ 10.0.26200.7979
microsoft
windows 11 26h1
≤ 10.0.28000.1719 · ≤ 10.0.28000.1719
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8957
+4 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SC-39 Process Isolation
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires applying vendor patches that eliminate the divide-by-zero flaw in the Microsoft Graphics Component.

prevent

Process isolation confines the graphics component crash to its own address space, limiting the local DoS impact to only affected sessions.

prevent

Input validation at graphics API boundaries can reject malformed data that would otherwise trigger the divide-by-zero condition.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly include code analysis, input validation, and testing that prevent divide-by-zero errors.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover divide-by-zero flaws via static analysis or testing.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching and replacement can remediate divide-by-zero bugs present in deployed software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect divide-by-zero conditions before release.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle includes input validation and error-handling practices that can prevent divide-by-zero faults.

prevents

Application security requirements can mandate checks for zero denominators and safe arithmetic handling.

prevents

Secure architecture principles encourage defensive coding patterns that avoid arithmetic exceptions.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly require validation to prevent divide-by-zero and similar runtime faults.

References