Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-25960

SSRF in Vllm 0.15.1 – 0.17.0

Public PoCSSRF
Published
09 March 2026
Modified
21 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0054 43th percentile
Risk Priority 54 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-25960 is a high-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Vllm Vllm. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 43th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as NLP and Transformers; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) and SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-25960 is a server-side request forgery (SSRF) protection bypass vulnerability in vLLM, an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). The issue affects vLLM version 0.17.0 and stems from a fix for the prior CVE-2026-24779 that was introduced in version 0.15.1. Specifically, the SSRF protection in the load_from_url_async method validates user-provided URLs using urllib3.util.parse_url() to extract the hostname. However, the method performs actual HTTP requests via aiohttp, which uses the yarl library for URL parsing, leading to inconsistent behavior that allows bypasses. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L) and maps to CWE-918.

An attacker requires low privileges (PR:L) to exploit this vulnerability over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). By supplying a malicious URL to the load_from_url_async method, the attacker can evade hostname validation, tricking the vLLM server into issuing requests to unauthorized destinations, such as internal network resources. Successful exploitation results in high confidentiality impact (C:H) with low availability impact (A:L) and no integrity impact (I:N), potentially exposing sensitive data.

Mitigation details are outlined in vLLM security advisories GHSA-qh4c-xf7m-gxfc and GHSA-v359-jj2v-j536, along with the fixing commit 6f3b2047abd4a748e3db4a68543f8221358002c0 and pull request #34743. Security practitioners should apply these updates to eliminate the parsing discrepancy and restore effective SSRF protection.

This vulnerability is notable in AI/ML contexts, as vLLM powers LLM inference and serving deployments that may handle remote model loading, increasing exposure in production environments.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). The SSRF protection fix for CVE-2026-24779 add in 0.15.1 can be bypassed in the load_from_url_async method due to inconsistent URL parsing behavior between the validation layer and the…

more

actual HTTP client. The SSRF fix uses urllib3.util.parse_url() to validate and extract the hostname from user-provided URLs. However, load_from_url_async uses aiohttp for making the actual HTTP requests, and aiohttp internally uses the yarl library for URL parsing. This vulnerability in 0.17.0.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
NLP and Transformers
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: llms, vllm

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-34753Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2026-24779Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2026-48746Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2025-30165Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2025-32444Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2025-29783Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2024-11041Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2025-47277Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2025-24357Same product: Vllm Vllm
CVE-2026-34760Same product: Vllm Vllm

Affected Assets

vllm
vllm
0.15.1 — 0.17.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.6
  • V1.5.3
  • V5.3.2
  • V10.4.7

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Information flow enforcement can restrict which destinations the server is allowed to contact on behalf of users.

Developer testing across OS versions can reveal behavioral differences caused by the inconsistent function.

Input validation directly stops untrusted URLs from being accepted and fetched without destination checks.

Documented development standards and tools can prohibit or replace functions known to have inconsistent implementations.

Engineering principles can require use of portable, consistently implemented functions across platforms.

Boundary protection limits the network reach of server-initiated requests even if SSRF occurs.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly include input validation and destination allow-listing that prevent SSRF.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of web applications and services can detect anomalous outbound requests indicative of SSRF.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover and record SSRF flaws in web applications.

PR.IR-01 partial match
prevents

Network segmentation and egress controls can limit the damage from successful SSRF requests.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can surface cross-platform inconsistencies but does not prevent their introduction in code.

prevents

Operational threat data describing SSRF campaigns can be used to tighten outbound-request allow-lists and detection rules before attackers exploit them.

prevents

Secure SDLC requires consistent API selection and platform abstraction, reducing use of inconsistently implemented functions.

degrades

Secure architecture principles include portable abstractions and avoiding platform-specific calls with divergent behavior.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly prohibit or wrap functions known to behave differently across OSes and versions.

References