Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-28478

HighPublic PoC

Published: 05 March 2026

Published
05 March 2026
Modified
17 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0014 33.0th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-28478 is a high-severity Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) vulnerability in Openclaw Openclaw. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application Exhaustion Flood (T1499.003); ranked at the 33.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Application Exhaustion Flood (T1499.003).
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-770

This control implements explicit throttling on session allocation, addressing the weakness of allocating resources without limits.

addresses: CWE-770

Plan testing exercises resource allocation limits and throttling during simulated failures, directly addressing weaknesses that allow unbounded resource use.

addresses: CWE-770

Contingency plan updates ensure recovery strategies address unbounded resource allocation, making it harder for attackers to exploit lack of throttling to cause prolonged outages.

addresses: CWE-770

Provides continuity when unbounded resource allocation at the primary site leads to exhaustion and downtime.

addresses: CWE-770

Alternate services allow operations to continue when primary allocation of resources lacks limits or throttling.

addresses: CWE-770

Explicit planning of security-related actions requires defining limits, windows, and resource allocations, making allocation without throttling far less likely.

addresses: CWE-770

Measures of performance include tracking allocation behavior and throttling effectiveness, reducing the window for resource exhaustion attacks.

addresses: CWE-770

Imposes an inactivity-based limit on network resource allocation, throttling the number of concurrently held connections.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.003 Application Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.
Why these techniques?

Vulnerability enables remote unauthenticated memory exhaustion via oversized/slow webhook payloads, directly mapping to Application Exhaustion Flood (T1499.003).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.13 contain a denial of service vulnerability in webhook handlers that buffer request bodies without strict byte or time limits. Remote unauthenticated attackers can send oversized JSON payloads or slow uploads to webhook endpoints causing memory…

more

pressure and availability degradation.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-28478 is a denial-of-service vulnerability affecting OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.13, published on 2026-03-05. The issue resides in the webhook handlers, which buffer request bodies without strict byte or time limits, enabling memory exhaustion. It is rated 7.5 on the CVSS v3.1 scale (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) and maps to CWE-770 (Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling).

Remote unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability by sending oversized JSON payloads or slow uploads to webhook endpoints. Successful exploitation leads to memory pressure and degradation of service availability, potentially causing the application to crash or become unresponsive.

Advisories and the associated patch recommend upgrading to OpenClaw version 2026.2.13 or later, where the fix is implemented via commit 3cbcba10cf30c2ffb898f0d8c7dfb929f15f8930. Additional details are available in the GitHub security advisory GHSA-q447-rj3r-2cgh and VulnCheck's analysis at vulncheck.com.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

openclaw
openclaw
≤ 2026.2.13

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References