Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-28827

Critical

Published: 25 March 2026

Published
25 March 2026
Modified
26 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0003 8.1th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-28827 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Apple Macos. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 8.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-39 (Process Isolation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the path parsing vulnerability by requiring validation of directory path inputs to prevent sandbox escape.

prevent

Ensures timely identification, reporting, and patching of flaws like inadequate path validation in macOS sandbox handling.

prevent

Enforces process isolation through separate execution domains, containing malicious apps within sandboxes despite path traversal attempts.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Path traversal (CWE-22) in macOS app sandbox directly enables sandbox escape, mapping to exploitation for privilege escalation with full system scope change.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A parsing issue in the handling of directory paths was addressed with improved path validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4. An app may be able to break out of its sandbox.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-28827 is a parsing vulnerability in the handling of directory paths, stemming from inadequate path validation (CWE-22). It affects macOS Sequoia prior to version 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma prior to 14.8.5, and macOS Tahoe prior to 26.4, enabling a malicious app to escape its sandbox confinement.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating exploitation by a local attacker with no privileges or user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows the app to achieve high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability violations across the system due to the changed scope from sandbox breakout.

Apple security advisories detail the fix through improved path validation, with patches available in macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, and macOS Tahoe 26.4. Relevant updates are documented at https://support.apple.com/en-us/126794, https://support.apple.com/en-us/126795, and https://support.apple.com/en-us/126796.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

apple
macos
14.0 — 14.8.5 · 15.0 — 15.7.5 · 26.0 — 26.4

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References