Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-30872

Memory Safety in Openwrt ≤ 24.10.6

Published
19 March 2026
Modified
24 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.022 81th percentile
Risk Priority 41 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-30872 is a critical-severity Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121) vulnerability in Openwrt Openwrt. Its CVSS base score is 9.5 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 19% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-30872 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-121) in the mdns daemon of the OpenWrt Project, a Linux operating system targeting embedded devices. The flaw affects versions prior to 24.10.6 and 25.12.1, specifically in the match_ipv6_addresses function. It occurs when processing PTR queries for IPv6 reverse DNS domains (.ip6.arpa) received via multicast DNS on UDP port 5353. The domain name from the name_buffer is copied via strcpy into a fixed 256-byte stack buffer, and the reverse IPv6 request is then extracted into a 46-byte buffer (INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) without validating the input length, enabling an out-of-bounds write.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted DNS query over mDNS, requiring no privileges, user interaction, or special conditions (CVSS:3.1 score of 9.8: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). Successful exploitation overflows the stack buffer, potentially allowing remote code execution on the affected device.

The OpenWrt security advisory (GHSA-mpgh-v658-jqv5) and release notes confirm the issue has been addressed in versions 24.10.6 and 25.12.1, available at the respective GitHub release pages. Security practitioners should update affected OpenWrt installations to these versions to mitigate the risk.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

OpenWrt Project is a Linux operating system targeting embedded devices. In versions prior to 24.10.6 and 25.12.1, the mdns daemon has a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the match_ipv6_addresses function, triggered when processing PTR queries for IPv6 reverse DNS domains…

more

(.ip6.arpa) received via multicast DNS on UDP port 5353. During processing, the domain name from name_buffer is copied via strcpy into a fixed 256-byte stack buffer, and then the reverse IPv6 request is extracted into a buffer of only 46 bytes (INET6_ADDRSTRLEN). Because the length of the data is never validated before this extraction, an attacker can supply input larger than 46 bytes, causing an out-of-bounds write. This allows a specially crafted DNS query to overflow the stack buffer in match_ipv6_addresses, potentially enabling remote code execution. This issue has been fixed in versions 24.10.6 and 25.12.1.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-30871Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2026-55490Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2025-62526Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2025-62525Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2026-30874Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2026-62947Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2023-24182Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2026-62948Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2026-30873Same product: Openwrt Openwrt
CVE-2026-32721Same product: Openwrt Openwrt

Affected Assets

openwrt
openwrt
≤ 24.10.6 · 25.12.0 — 25.12.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 2 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and analysis can discover stack-buffer overflows before deployment.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from exceeding stack buffer bounds.

Memory-protection mechanisms limit the ability to execute injected code after a stack overflow.

Secure-engineering principles include bounds-checked coding and safe buffer handling that avoid introducing the flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices directly prevent introduction of stack buffer overflows.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning can discover stack buffer overflows but does not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching eliminates known instances of the weakness after discovery.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing (fuzzing, static analysis) detects stack overflows before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates buffer-safety practices that directly prevent stack overflows.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify buffer-size and input-validation rules.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety and least-privilege stack usage.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer handling that causes CWE-121.

none

Change-management gates can enforce security reviews that catch buffer issues.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248594 OL 8 must implement address space layout randomization (ASLR) to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. prevents CWE-121
Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
  • V-271452 OL 9 must use a Linux Security Module configured to enforce limits on system services. prevents CWE-121

References