Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-31892

Access Control in Argoproj Argo Workflows 2.9.0 – 3.7.11

Public PoCAccess Control
Published
11 March 2026
Modified
15 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0041 34th percentile
Risk Priority 39 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-31892 is a high-severity Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863) vulnerability in Argoproj Argo Workflows. Its CVSS base score is 8.9 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 34th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-24 (Access Control Decisions) and AC-25 (Reference Monitor) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-31892 is a critical authorization bypass vulnerability (CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization) in Argo Workflows, an open source container-native workflow engine for orchestrating parallel jobs on Kubernetes. It affects versions from 2.9.0 up to but excluding 4.0.2 and 3.7.11. The issue arises because a user submitting a Workflow can include a podSpecPatch field that completely overrides all security settings defined in a referenced WorkflowTemplate. This occurs even when the controller is configured with templateReferencing: Strict, intended to enforce use of admin-approved templates, as the podSpecPatch takes precedence during spec merging and is applied directly to the pod spec at creation time without any security validation.

A low-privileged user (PR:L) who can submit Workflows can exploit this vulnerability remotely (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N), achieving high confidentiality (C:H) and integrity (I:H) impacts but no availability impact (A:N), for an overall CVSS v3.1 score of 8.1 (S:U). Attackers can thereby inject arbitrary pod specifications, evading cluster security controls enforced via templates.

The vulnerability is addressed in Argo Workflows releases 4.0.2 and 3.7.11. Additional details on the issue and mitigation are available in the upstream security advisory at https://github.com/argoproj/argo-workflows/security/advisories/GHSA-3wf5-g532-rcrr.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Argo Workflows is an open source container-native workflow engine for orchestrating parallel jobs on Kubernetes. From 2.9.0 to before 4.0.2 and 3.7.11, A user who can submit Workflows can completely bypass all security settings defined in a WorkflowTemplate by including…

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a podSpecPatch field in their Workflow submission. This works even when the controller is configured with templateReferencing: Strict, which is specifically documented as a mechanism to restrict users to admin-approved templates. The podSpecPatch field on a submitted Workflow takes precedence over the referenced WorkflowTemplate during spec merging and is applied directly to the pod spec at creation time with no security validation. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.0.2 and 3.7.11.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions.
T1548.002 Bypass User Account Control Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system.
T1548.003 Sudo and Sudo Caching Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-42296Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-28229Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-42297Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-40886Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-54526Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2025-62156Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2024-47827Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-23960Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2025-66626Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2025-62157Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows

Affected Assets

argoproj
argo workflows
2.9.0 — 3.7.11 · 4.0.0 — 4.0.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 6 hardening rules · 4 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 directly requires correct enforcement of authorization decisions on every access request, structurally preventing incorrect checks.

AC-24 ensures access-control decisions are made and applied consistently, reducing the chance of an incorrect authorization result.

A reference monitor that is always invoked and tamper-proof forces every authorization decision through a verified, correct path.

Input validation can reject malformed or attacker-controlled values before they reach a security decision point.

Information-flow enforcement applies rules to validated, internal attributes instead of untrusted external values.

Least-privilege assignments shrink the set of authorizations that must be checked correctly, limiting exposure to flawed checks.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Strong authentication mechanisms directly prevent security decisions from depending on modifiable, untrusted inputs.

PR.AA-04 mostly match
prevents

Verification and protection of identity assertions stops reliance on attacker-controlled values for authorization decisions.

PR.AA-05 mostly match
prevents

Defining, enforcing, and reviewing access authorizations and least privilege directly prevents incorrect authorization checks.

PR.AA-01 partial match
prevents

Proper management of identities/credentials reduces the chance that security decisions will be driven by untrusted inputs.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prohibit using untrusted inputs for security-critical decisions.

finds

Security testing in development catches input-validation flaws before deployment.

prevents

Requiring consistency between access rights and classification plus formal approval steps ensures that the authorization logic correctly distinguishes between entities that should and should not be granted access.

prevents

Enforcing policy-driven approval and role-change reviews stops incorrect or stale authorization decisions from remaining in effect after job changes or terminations.

finds

Monitoring can detect exploitation but does not stop the underlying weakness.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for validation of inputs used in security decisions.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
  • V-248581 OL 8 must require users to provide a password for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863
  • V-252656 The OL 8 operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204430 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be configured so that users must re-authenticate for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-251712 The RHEL 8 operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863

References