Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-40886

Argoproj Argo Workflows 3.6.5 – 3.6.19

Public PoC
Published
23 April 2026
Modified
15 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0038 31th percentile
Risk Priority 54 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-40886 is a high-severity Improper Validation of Array Index (CWE-129) vulnerability in Argoproj Argo Workflows. Its CVSS base score is 7.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 31th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-40886 affects Argo Workflows, an open source container-native workflow engine for orchestrating parallel jobs on Kubernetes. The vulnerability exists in versions 3.6.5 through 4.0.4 due to an unchecked array index in the pod informer's podGCFromPod() function. When a workflow pod includes a malformed workflows.argoproj.io/pod-gc-strategy annotation, it triggers a controller-wide panic. This panic occurs inside an informer goroutine outside the controller's recover() scope, crashing the entire controller process.

An attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). By creating or modifying a workflow pod with the malformed annotation, the attacker causes the controller to crash repeatedly. The "poisoned" pod persists across restarts, leading to a crash loop that halts all workflow processing across the cluster until the pod is manually deleted. The impact is high availability disruption (A:H) with a changed scope (S:C), as scored at CVSS 7.7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H), and is associated with CWE-129 (Improper Validation of Array Index).

The GitHub security advisory (GHSA-5jv8-h7qh-rf5p) confirms the issue and states that it is fixed in Argo Workflows versions 4.0.5 and 3.7.14. Security practitioners should upgrade to these patched releases to mitigate the vulnerability and manually delete any affected pods to restore controller functionality.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Argo Workflows is an open source container-native workflow engine for orchestrating parallel jobs on Kubernetes. From 3.6.5 to 4.0.4, an unchecked array index in the pod informer's podGCFromPod() function causes a controller-wide panic when a workflow pod carries a malformed…

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workflows.argoproj.io/pod-gc-strategy annotation. Because the panic occurs inside an informer goroutine (outside the controller's recover() scope), it crashes the entire controller process. The poisoned pod persists across restarts, causing a crash loop that halts all workflow processing until the pod is manually deleted. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.0.5 and 3.7.14.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-42297Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-42296Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-28229Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-31892Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2024-47827Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2025-62156Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-23960Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-54526Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2025-66626Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows
CVE-2026-42295Same product: Argoproj Argo Workflows

Affected Assets

argoproj
argo workflows
3.6.5 — 3.6.19 · 3.7.0 — 3.7.14 · 4.0.0 — 4.0.5

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.2
  • V2.1.1
  • V2.2.1
  • V2.2.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Requires explicit validation of supplied indices/offsets/positions before they are used to access buffers or other indexable resources.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and bounds checking that prevent improper array indexing.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover missing index validation via scanning or reviews.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching and replacement can remediate instances of the weakness after discovery.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development can detect out-of-bounds array access but does not prevent the weakness by itself.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates input validation and bounds checking that directly prevents improper array indexing.

prevents

Application security requirements include validation of untrusted input used for indexing or addressing memory structures.

prevents

Secure architecture principles encourage defensive coding patterns that reduce index-related vulnerabilities.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly require bounds checking and validation of array indices derived from untrusted data.

References