CVE-2026-33949

High

Published: 01 April 2026

Published

01 April 2026

Modified

07 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0018 39.6th percentile

Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-33949 is a high-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Ssw Tinacms\/Graphql. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 39.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Validates the relativePath parameter in GraphQL mutations to directly prevent path traversal enabling arbitrary file writes and overwrites.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Remediates the specific path traversal flaw by applying the patch in Tina version 2.2.2 as identified in the security advisory.

AC-3 Access Enforcement partial match

prevent

Enforces approved access authorizations to restrict unauthorized write access to project root files and directories.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The path traversal vulnerability in the public-facing GraphQL component of Tina CMS directly enables exploitation of a public-facing application (T1190) to achieve arbitrary file writes, potentially leading to server compromise.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Tina is a headless content management system. Prior to version 2.2.2, a path traversal vulnerability in @tinacms/graphql allows unauthenticated users to write and overwrite arbitrary files within the project root. This is achieved by manipulating the relativePath parameter in GraphQL…

mutations. The impact includes the ability to replace critical server configuration files and potentially execute arbitrary commands by sabotaging build script. This issue has been patched in version 2.2.2.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-33949 is a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22, CWE-73) affecting Tina, a headless content management system, specifically in the @tinacms/graphql component prior to version 2.2.2. The flaw allows manipulation of the relativePath parameter in GraphQL mutations, enabling unauthenticated users to write and overwrite arbitrary files within the project root. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H), highlighting high integrity and availability impacts with network accessibility and low attack complexity.

An attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability remotely without user interaction by sending crafted GraphQL mutations. Successful exploitation grants the ability to replace critical server configuration files and potentially execute arbitrary commands through sabotage of build scripts, leading to significant compromise of the affected Tina deployment.

The issue has been addressed in Tina version 2.2.2, as detailed in the GitHub Security Advisory at https://github.com/tinacms/tinacms/security/advisories/GHSA-v9p7-gf3q-h779. Security practitioners should upgrade to the patched version and review access to GraphQL endpoints to mitigate risks.