Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-43859

Published
04 May 2026
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 3.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0016 6th percentile
Risk Priority 15 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-43859 is a low-severity Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL Character (CWE-158) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 3.7 (Low).

Operationally, ranked at the 6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

mutt before 2.3.2 sometimes uses strfcpy instead of memcpy for the IMAP auth_cram MD5 digest.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

Insufficient information to map techniques.
Confidence: LOW · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-47812Shared CWE-158
CVE-2009-1537Shared CWE-158
CVE-2025-9648Shared CWE-158
CVE-2025-66263Shared CWE-158
CVE-2024-10921Shared CWE-158
CVE-2025-14388Shared CWE-158
CVE-2024-0408Shared CWE-158
CVE-2026-47778Shared CWE-158
CVE-2023-5719Shared CWE-158
CVE-2025-1936Shared CWE-158

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation
  • SA-15 Development Process, Standards, and Tools
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.10

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires timely patching of the identified strfcpy vs. memcpy flaw in mutt < 2.3.2 before exploitation of CWE-158 occurs.

prevent

Mandates developer security testing that would detect incorrect binary digest handling (strfcpy on MD5 output containing NULs) during IMAP CRAM-MD5 implementation.

prevent

Requires secure development standards and tools that prohibit unsafe string functions when copying fixed-length binary data such as authentication digests.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input neutralization and validation to prevent null-byte flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing can detect null-byte flaws but does not itself implement the neutralization.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates input validation and sanitization that directly prevents null-byte injection.

prevents

Application security requirements include explicit rules for neutralizing dangerous characters such as NUL.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of unsafe data flows but do not prescribe character neutralization.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly require proper neutralization of null bytes and other metacharacters.

References