Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-5928

Memory Safety in Gnu Glibc ≤ 2.43

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
20 April 2026
Modified
14 July 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0037 30th percentile
Risk Priority 57 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-5928 is a high-severity Buffer Under-read (CWE-127) vulnerability in Gnu Glibc. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 30th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-5928 is a vulnerability in the GNU C Library (glibc) versions 2.43 and earlier, specifically in the implementation of the ungetwc function for wide character streams. When ungetwc is called on a FILE stream using wide characters encoded in a character set with overlaps between single-byte and multi-byte representations, it may attempt to read bytes before an allocated buffer. This stems from a bug in _IO_wdefault_pbackfail within libio/wgenops.c, where ungetwc operates on the regular character buffer (fp->_IO_read_ptr) rather than the wide-stream read pointer (fp->_wide_data->_IO_read_ptr), potentially leading to unintentional disclosure of neighboring heap data or a program crash if the pointer is uninitialized (e.g., NULL).

Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability with network access, low attack complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction required, as reflected in its CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) and association with CWE-127 (Buffer Under-read). Successful exploitation typically results in a denial of service via program crash, while heap data disclosure requires a rare condition of encoding overlaps that enable spurious matches—such matches are not possible in standard Unicode character sets.

Mitigation details are documented in the Sourceware Bugzilla report at https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33998.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Calling the ungetwc function on a FILE stream with wide characters encoded in a character set that has overlaps between its single byte and multi-byte character encodings, in the GNU C Library version 2.43 or earlier, may result in an…

more

attempt to read bytes before an allocated buffer, potentially resulting in unintentional disclosure of neighboring data in the heap, or a program crash. A bug in the wide character pushback implementation (_IO_wdefault_pbackfail in libio/wgenops.c) causes ungetwc() to operate on the regular character buffer (fp->_IO_read_ptr) instead of the actual wide-stream read pointer (fp->_wide_data->_IO_read_ptr). The program crash may happen in cases where fp->_IO_read_ptr is not initialized and hence points to NULL. The buffer under-read requires a special situation where the input character encoding is such that there are overlaps between single byte representations and multibyte representations in that encoding, resulting in spurious matches. The spurious match case is not possible in the standard Unicode character sets.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-0687Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-4437Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-0861Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2023-25139Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-5435Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-5450Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-4438Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-3904Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2025-15281Same product: Gnu Glibc
CVE-2026-0915Same product: Gnu Glibc

Affected Assets

gnu
glibc
≤ 2.43

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Vulnerability scanning can locate known buffer-under-read instances in deployed code.

Developer testing and evaluation (static analysis, fuzzing, bounds checkers) directly finds buffer under-read flaws before deployment.

Security engineering principles require bounds-checked memory accesses and safe pointer arithmetic that structurally stop buffer under-reads from being introduced.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices such as bounds checking and static analysis directly prevent introduction of buffer under-reads.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning can discover buffer under-read flaws so they can be recorded and fixed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software removes known instances of buffer under-read.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect buffer under-reads before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and bounds checking that can prevent buffer under-reads.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify safe buffer handling and bounds checking.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety and bounds-checking mechanisms.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly require bounds checking and safe pointer arithmetic.

References