Cyber Resilience

CVE-2022-45699

RCE in Apsystems Ecu-R Firmware 5203

Public PoCHigh EPSSRCECommand Injection
Published
10 February 2023
Modified
17 June 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.77 99.5th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2022-45699 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Apsystems Ecu-R Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 0.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2022-45699 is a command-injection vulnerability in the administration interface of APSystems ECU-R firmware version 5203. The flaw, tracked under CWE-78 and CWE-94, resides in the handling of the timezone parameter and permits unauthenticated remote attackers to inject and execute operating-system commands.

An attacker with network access to the device can submit a crafted timezone value and obtain arbitrary command execution with root privileges, resulting in complete compromise of the affected ECU-R unit. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting the absence of required authentication, privileges, or user interaction.

Public references consist of a detailed proof-of-concept repository and demonstration videos that illustrate remote unauthenticated exploitation; no vendor advisory or patch information is included in the supplied references. The CVE maintains a very high EPSS score (current 0.8995, peak 0.9079), indicating sustained exploitation interest after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Command injection in the administration interface in APSystems ECU-R version 5203 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root using the timezone parameter.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

Likely ATT&CK TechniquesAI

Techniques this vulnerability likely enables, inferred from its description, weakness type, and attributed-actor tradecraft. Confidence is per-technique.

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Accessconfidence: HIGH
Unauthenticated command injection in a public-facing admin interface directly enables remote exploitation of the device.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Executionconfidence: HIGH
The vulnerability permits injection and execution of arbitrary operating-system commands via the timezone parameter.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalationconfidence: HIGH
Successful exploitation grants root-level privileges, constituting privilege escalation through exploitation.
inferred from description + CWE · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-28343Same vendor: Apsystems
CVE-2024-42739Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2025-37157Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2026-26831Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2024-24091Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2026-33414Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2023-31037Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2025-57283Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2025-67172Shared CWE-78, CWE-94
CVE-2026-42994Shared CWE-78, CWE-94

Affected Assets

apsystems
ecu-r firmware
5203

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of the timezone parameter to block the command-injection payload before execution.

prevent

Enforces authentication and authorization on the administration interface so unauthenticated attackers cannot reach the vulnerable endpoint.

prevent

Limits the web-server or script process to non-root privileges, reducing the impact of successful command injection to something less than full device compromise.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References